Campbell's 1902 Soil Culture Manual, 



61 



size and shape of root and hole dug sufficiently large to allow spreading- 

 all the roots out their full length and no more. The man who directed the 

 tree setting carried the second notched board and after the hole was com- 

 pleted he placed the board on the two stakes, and dropping his tree into 

 the hole brought the body to the middle notch, thus holding it exactly 

 where the original stake had been set. 



In setting the tree a helper using a hoe pulverized the dirt that was 

 still fresh and moist, hauling it to the roots as fast as a man could place it 

 with his hands and by the aid of a trowel. Great care was taken to work 

 the soil into and about the roots. When sufficient dirt was in to cover the 

 roots a quart of water was turned in. By vibrating the tree slightly the 

 water soon percolated through the moist soil, dissolving the particles and 

 settling them closely around the roots. The holes were then filled within 



Tlie Acme Pulverizing- Harrow. 



two inches of the top, and then tramped firmly. Then about three inches 

 of loose dirt was scattered over this packed soil and the tree left. This 

 plan was so successful that in the spring of 1 901 we were obliged to reset 

 only 17 trees, less than 2 per cent., the trees all having made a very fair 

 growth the first year. The expense of caring for these trees in 1900 out- 

 side of the trimming, but including all other work and cultivation, 

 amounted to $22.00, or about $2.25 an acre. 



The plan of operation was immediately after setting the trees to 

 double disc the entire surface, because the hauling of the wagons and 

 tramping of the men over the moist soil while setting the trees resulted in 

 packing the ground considerably. A two-horse disc was used for this 

 work, which enabled us to get very close to the tree. As soon as a rain of 

 any magnitude had fallen, the ground was gone over with the Acme pul- 

 verizing harrow, crossing the work done with the disc. This harrow is a 

 tool pretty generally known, and a most valuable implement for this class 



