152 



SUGAR. 



When the sugar is taken out of the boiler, it is combined with 

 water of crystallization, which, being added to the 15*3 per cent, of 

 pure and dry sugar = 17 "595 per cent, of sugar and molasses; of 

 this, three parts are sugar and two parts are molasses, and we have 

 for the 11,111 lbs. of juice at 17*595 per cent. = 1655 lbs., of which 

 1173 are sugar and 482 molasses. 



This plainly demonstrates that the loss in the manufacturing was 

 427 lbs. of sugar and molasses. Also, we can perceive that with 

 11 • 8 lbs. of cane 1 lb. of sugar and • 48 of a pound of molasses were 

 produced; that, had there been no loss in manufacturing, 10*5 lbs. 

 of cane would have produced 1 lb. of sugar and 0*66 of a pound of 

 molasses ; and that, if no molasses had been produced, but the whole 

 juice had been converted into sugar, 1 lb. of sugar would have been 

 produced by 7*26 lbs. of cane. 



The land, according to quality, can grow or produce in Louisiana 

 from 13,000 to 45,000 of canes to the acre ; the length of the cane 

 will vary from 3 to 8 feet ; their weight being on an average 10 ozs. 

 avoirdupois to the running foot. 



Canes 4*5 feet long, weighing each 3 lbs., and growing 350 per 

 row, of 100 feet long, would give 61,125 lbs. to the acre. As an 

 average, the acre can be set down at 60,000 lbs. 



When canes are cut before they are injured by the cold, they can 

 be kept for making sugar from three to four months. They lose 

 some of their water of vegetation ; the sugar does not change in the 

 least, and stays in perfect preservation. 



May 9th, 1873. — Seven months ago, that is, in October, 1872, canes 

 were cut to plant ; the sugar in those canes is yet in perfect preserva- 

 tion, and the juice has a density of 8° Beaume. 



The joints of a cane that has dropped its leaf contain only crystal- 

 lizable sugar. The buds, or young suckers of the joints, produce 

 the larger part of the colouring matter found in the juice. In 

 Louisiana the density of the cane juice varies from 6° to 10° Beaume ; 

 8° • 5 Beaume being the average ; 15*33 per cent, of pure, dry sugar. 



With displacement of methodical washings, the sugar contained in 

 the sugar-cane can be easily exhausted. When thoroughly defecated, 

 the juice of the cane is very easily manufactured into sugar, and the 

 whole of the sugar-cane can be made to crystallize. 



The planters require from 35 to 55, and even more, pounds of cane 

 to make 1 lb. of sugar, and 0*66 of a pound of molasses. The 

 average for the State is 2*25 lbs. of sugar and 1 • 50 lb. of molasses 

 to 100 lbs. of cane. Thus 100 acres, or 6,000,000 lbs. of cane, are 



equal to 



$ $ 



135,000 lbs. of sugar, at 8 c 10 , 800 



90,000 lbs. molasses, at 4 c 3,600 



. 14,400 



Expenses, culture 5,000 



Manufacture 5 , 400 



Taxes, overseer, engineer, &c 2,000 



12,400 



Total $2,000 



