SUGAR. 



207 



situated. The number of labourers employed was 44,856. 

 produce made was : 



The 



Year. 



1865 

 1866 

 1867 

 1868 

 1869 

 1870 

 1871 

 1872 

 1873 

 1874 



Sugar. 



kilos. 

 30,328,452 

 27,475,290 

 28,013,900 

 35,731,600 

 35,831,394 

 40,202,550 

 40,634,550 

 39,993,950 

 34,582,585 

 40,775,732 



litres. 

 4,311,972 

 3,385,190 

 3,168,304 

 3,555,199 

 3,355,670 

 3,665,295 

 3,332,595 

 12,139,441 

 2,583,381 

 3,400,438 



Rum. 



litres. 

 1,819,312 

 1,985,483 

 2,269,500 

 4,060,001 

 2,569,703 

 3,665,295 

 1,817,288 

 1,314,048 

 1,367,580 

 1,849,385 



>S^^. Croix. — The aid of steam in breaking up the heavy soil of this 

 island is much desired, but the total failure of a steam-traction plough, 

 introduced in 1862, has hitherto discouraged the planters from again 

 risking so heavy an outlay. 



The exports in 1870 were 22,968,214 lbs. of sugar, 437,058 gallons 

 of rum, and 730,677 gallons of molasses; in 1871 the quantity of 

 sugar exported was 25,223,547 lbs. 



In 1873 the exports were 9,852,803 lbs. of sugar, 144,041 gallons 

 of rum, and 354,442 gallons of molasses. 



Colonel Stewart's process for improving the quality of sugar has 

 been introduced, and resulted in making a superior article, where 

 proper chemical knowledge has regulated the proportions of lime 

 and sulphur required in the manufacture, having also due regard to 

 the character of the water, which is often mixed with mineral 

 deposits, as it is raised from a great depth and frequently through a 

 lime or marl substratum. 



Porto Bico. — The production of sugar during 1870 was very re- 

 markable, certainly not less than 125,000 tons, and it is expected to 

 be progressive. The value of the sugar exported, 101,298 tons at 

 K5 per cwt., was 2,025,966Z. ; of the molasses, 5,206,655 gallons at 

 20 cents the gallon, 291,202Z. ; the small quantity of rum at ^25 the 

 puncheon, 146Z.; making a total of 2,317,314Z., for the produce shipped 

 of the sugar-cane alone, besides 640,000Z. for other agricultural pro- 

 ducts. The estates here are well mounted with first-class machinery for 

 sugar making and distilling ; ploughs and agricultural implements are 

 in general use. Colonel Stewart, an American officer, has introduced 

 into the island his system of purifying sugar by the fumes of 

 sulphur, which is simple and inexpensive, and has long been in use in 

 the United States. 



Sugar and molasses exported from Porto Eico : 





Year. 



Sugar. 



Molasses. 







1857 



80,982,188 lbs. 



2,707,740 galls. 







1858 



121,319,374 „ 



3,730,511 „ 







1859 



91,732,084 „ 



3,089,652 „ 







1860 



127,244,749 „ 



4,231,772 „ 







1861 



145,995,816 „ 



4,616,180 „ 





