COTTON-SEED OIL. 



sent conjointly over 1,000,000 bushels to market in 1870, of which 

 one-fourth went to New York. As much as 10s. to 12s. is paid for the 

 bushel. The yield is from 80 to 120 bushels on an acre. 



The ground-nut is now cultivated on a large scale in India, where 

 the seeds form a considerable article of commerce, and there is also a 

 quantity of the oil exported. 



From Pondicherry there was exported in 1858, 8155 sacks ; in 

 1859, 3269 sacks ; and in 1860, 4739 sacks of ground-nuts ; and 

 of the oil, 45,634 veltes (of 1-64 galls.) in 1858; 72,369 veltes in 

 1859 ; and 99,330 veltes in 1860. 



Ground-nut oil is used in parts of India for alimentary purposes ; 

 in some countries it is sold for olive oil ; in North Arcot it serves to 

 adulterate gingely or sesame oil, and at Pondicherry it is mixed with 

 cocoanut oil. 



At Mozambique the ground-nut is also largely grown, the price of 

 the oil made from it there is 15 francs the decalitre. From Senegal 

 there were exported to France in 1874, 11,483,080 kilos, of ground- 

 nuts, valued at 3,789,416 francs; besides 33,792 kilos, to foreign 

 countries, and 1,333,556 kilos, unshelled. ' 



Senegal and its dependencies, which exported in 1840 but 1210 

 kilos, of ground-nuts, now produce more than 12,000,000 kilos. 

 Cayor and Casamance furnish the largest quantities ; but some 

 cargoes are also sent from Galam, which are more esteemed than from 

 the other localities, on account of the thinness of the husk or shell 

 and the superior yield of oil. It is one of the principal resources of 

 the country, and the production is annually more and more extended, 

 notwithstanding the impediments which the Moors throw in the way 

 of its traffic, under the dread that their gums might be neglected. 

 The principal market for Senegal proper is the large village of Gan- 

 diole. About Goree, the centre of supply is Eufisque ; lower down 

 Sedhiou and Carabane in Casamance, and Albreda, on the Gambia. 

 At the Gaboon, where the population is thinly scattered, and little 

 agricultural, all that is produced is locally consumed. 



According to Dumas, it was a Marseilles house that first thought of 

 introducing this substitute for olive oil. They commenced by experi- 

 menting with a few kilos., and now the imports into France exceed 

 55,000 tons, of an oil-seed unknown to commerce forty years pre- 

 viously. 



CoTTON-SEED OiL has been produced in Egypt, France, England, 

 and the United States ; but until lately not on a very large scale, or 

 for commercial purposes. Each pound of ginned cotton produced 

 yields 3 lbs. of seed ; the total amount in the United States^ is 

 3,600,000,000 lbs. One half being retained for planting, there re- 

 main 1,800,000,000 lbs. which might be manufactured. One hundred 

 pounds of cotton seed will yield 2 gallons of oil, 48 lbs. of oilcake, 

 and 6 lbs. of soap stuff ; the total estimated value of all which is 

 upwards of 7,000,000/., very little of which is at present realized. 

 The oil possesses excellent lubricating qualities. Soaps of every 

 variety are made from it, and in New Orleans it has been used, with 

 commendation, as a substitute for olive oil. 



