CHAPTER III. 



Fungicides, for Plant-Diseases. 



The results obtained from the use of any insecticide or fungi- 

 cide depend much upon the operator. Timeliness, thoroughness and 

 persistence are the watchwords of success. It is easier to keep 

 an enemy away than to drive him away. The worst foes are 

 often the smallest ones, and the injury is often done before they 

 are detected. Be ready, and begin early. 



The two most important fungicides are ammoniacal carbonate 

 of copper and Bordeaux mixture. The former is cheaper ana 

 more easily applied. The latter is more adhesive ; it cannot be 

 thrown on to large trees. It case any disease is not mentioned, 

 or you are in doubt and cannot secure advice, use one or the 

 other of these preparations. 

 Copper carbonate costs from 40 to 60 cents per pound. 

 Copper sulphate costs 6 cents per pound. 

 Ammoniacal carbonate of copper. — 1. Into a vessel having a ca- 

 pacity of 2 quarts or more, pour 1 quart of ammonia 

 (strength 22 degrees Baume), add 3 ounces carbonate of 

 copper. Stir rapidly for a moment and the carbonate of 

 copper will dissolve in the ammonia, forming a very clear 

 liquid. The concentrated liquid thus prepared may be kept 

 indefinitely. For use, dilute to 25 gallons. 



2. Carbonate of copper, 5 ounces ; ammonia (26°) , 3 pints ; 

 water, 45 gallons. This is probably the better method. 

 It is better to wet the carbonate before dissolving it. 

 For grape-rot and mildew, apple-scab and many other di- 

 seases. 



Ammoniated copper sulphate (Mixture No. 5 of Dept. of Agricul- 

 ture) . — Equal parts of ammoniated copper sulphate and am- 

 monia carbonate. Put 1 pound of the material in 25 gallons 

 of water, when desired for use. For the same uses as am. 

 moniacal carbonate of copper. 



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