KIDNEY BEANS. 



63 



as snaps, and although its white seeds are very desirable for baking as well as for green 

 shell, still it has never been found profitable as a field bean. Its superior merits, if 

 any, are earliness and large size of seed, being similar in the former respect to Emperor 

 William, but not nearly as large seeded nor producing such uniformly large, wide, 

 handsome pods, besides having smaller, more spreading vine, smaller leaves, more 

 runners, and more fruit spurs projecting high above plant. Next to Emperor William 

 the variety is most like Tennessee Green Pod in appearance as well as in general 

 usefulness and value. 



Synonym. — Schwill's Quick Crop. 



History. — Named in 1895 by Griffith & Turner, by whom it was formerly listed as 

 First in Market. Probably same as Landreth's First in Market, introduced in 1883 

 by D. Landreth & Sons. 



Illustrations. — Dry seeds are similar to Emperor William (PI. IV, 19) ; green shell pods 

 and cross section of snap pods resemble Dutch Case Knife Pole (PI. XX, 1 and PI. V, 

 28, respectively), differing principally in smaller and narrower shape. 



EARLY AROOSTOOK FIELD. 



Listed by 1 seedsman. Seeds tested: Jerrard, 1905, 1906. 



Description. — Plant medium in size, erect, generally without runners or spreading 

 branches, somewhat thick stemmed, early as snaps and field beans, of short bearing 

 period, heavily to moderately productive. Leaf medium in size, medium green in 

 color. Flowers white. Snap pods very uniform in size, long-medium, curved at mid- 

 dle, flat, light green, tough, very stringy, of much fiber, of poor quality, free from 

 anthracnose. Point of pod long and curved. Green shell pods borne both above and 

 below foliage, never colored or splashed, depressed on outside between seeds, about 

 5| inches long, and usually containing 6 seeds fairly close in pods. Dry pods very easy 

 to thrash. Dry seeds medium in size, roundish through cross section, slender, trun- 

 cate or rounded at ends, generally slightly incurved at eye, solid white. 



Comparison. — Little known or planted, but claimed to be valuable as an extra early, 

 white-seeded field bean for northern latitudes like Aroostook County, Me., where the 

 seasons are short for growing late varieties of field beans. Fairly productive, hardy, 

 and possibly a good sort for southern latitudes, but too tough podded to be generally 

 recommended for snaps and not equal as green shell beans to most garden varieties 

 nor to large-seeded field sorts, such as White Kidney and Canadian Wonder. Most 

 like Long Yellow Six Weeks, differing principally in color and smaller size of seed, 

 earlier season, and smaller, narrower pods. 



Confusing name. — Aroostook Bush Lima, a very different type of bean. 



History. — Introduced about 1893 by George W. P. Jerrard Company. 



Illustrations. — Dry seeds are shown on Plate IV, 10; snap pods are similar in shape 

 to Long Yellow Six Weeks (PI. X, 1), differing principally in smaller and narrower 

 shape. 



EMPEROR WILLIAM. 



Listed by 6 seedsmen. Seeds tested: Burpee, 1901; Holmes, 1905; Mitchell, 1905, 

 1906; Rawson, 1902; Wernich, 1905. 



Description. — Plant large, spreading, very low growing in habit, with many out- 

 stretched branches and occasional runners, green throughout, thick stemmed, inter- 

 mediate in season, long in bearing, moderately productive. Leaf large, dark green, 

 wide across leaflets, and of very rough surface. Flowers white. Snap pods somewhat 

 variable in size, very long, slightly curved, very flat, light green, somewhat tough, 

 stringy, of much fiber, poor to medium in quality, free from anthracnose. Point of pod 

 moderately curved and long. Green shell pods borne in large, numerous clusters high 

 above foliage, never appreciably colored or splashed except for black lines along 

 3523— No. 109-07 5 



