PROCEEDINGS OF TWENTY-SIXTH FRUIT-GROWERS' CONVENTION. 65 



between them. It is not safe to plant non-resistant stocks to-day. I 

 believe that north of the Tehachapi it is hardly advisable to plant a 

 non-resistant vineyard anywhere. For my part I certainly should not 

 advise any one in the San Joaquin Valley, or anywhere else, to plant 

 non-resistant stocks at this time. I would emphatically warn all grow- 

 ers not to rely on any stock that comes from uncertain sources. There 

 are a few places in this State where you can get the best resistant vines, 

 and I emphatically warn the growers not to incur the uncertainties that 

 have befallen them before. The uncertainty as to the exact stocks to be 

 planted is very great, and then the soil differs greatly. As to the adap- 

 tation of the different soils, it is a matter that is yet uncertain. I 

 should long ago have planted an experimental place to determine this. 

 I don't think any one in the region of the San Joaquin can afford to 

 plant anything but resistant vines. There is no reason why we should 

 experiment, except with reference to the soils. We can take the expe- 

 rience of the vineyardists of France with their vines. I grafted, on 

 account of the difference of soils in our vineyards in San Jose, part 

 of the vineyard in Riparia and part in Rupestris. Those that I grafted 

 upon the Riparia gave a good crop. The Rupestris is one of the small 

 growers, and the Riparia one of the larger ones. Don't plant miscel- 

 laneous stuff, the adaptation of which no one knows, or you will suffer 

 the loss that they suffered in early times. I know a great many think 

 that everything has to be done over again in California, but so far as 

 this point is concerned, Southern France has given us what an expe- 

 rience of thirty years has added, and I think we ought to avail ourselves 

 of it. 



MR. HOTCHKISS. I believe the only way we can keep up the 

 present production is by the planting of the Vinifera stock on rich 

 land. Find a good piece of land that will produce four or five tons of 

 grapes to the acre, not right up against the phylloxera vineyards, but 

 the State of California is so big that you can get twenty-five or thirty 

 miles away from the phylloxera — out of the winds of it. 



PROF. HILGARD. In order to keep up the production I think we 

 can safely rely upon a few of the standard varieties of resistants — the 

 Rupestris St. George and the Riparia. 



MR. HOTCHKISS. There are not enough of those to go around, 

 though, and it will be years before we can get enough of them. 



PROF. HILGARD. If you graft those resistants on good vines you 

 will soon get cuttings enough. 



MR. MOTHERAL. We have an irrigated country, and the water 

 all over it is from four to six feet, and we have a soil that we have dug 

 artesian wells all over it and have never gone through it. Now what 

 would you plant there — Rupestris or Riparia? 



PROF. HILGARD. Riparia. 



5 — F-GC 



