PROCEEDINGS OF THIRTY-THIRD FRUIT-GROWERS ' CONVENTION. 243 



1. What Vinifera variety or varieties he desires to grow and whether 

 they are suited to the environments in which they are to be grown. 



2. The stock best suited to the soil and location. 



3. Whether his Vinifera variety or varieties and the resistant stock 

 in question are congenial. 



It should, of course, also be determined beforehand whether bench 

 grafts are to be used or whether it is intended to nursery or field graft, 

 the suitability of stocks in this respect varying decidedly. Such points 

 as these it takes years to solve and the individual grower can not afford 

 to solve them. This should, however, be all the more reason for the 

 growers to keep in close touch with what is being done for them in the 

 experimental vineyards. The lack of doing so may mean to them only 

 partial success or even failures when successes can be just as well and 

 cheaply had. 



I desire also to mention that some of the direct producers, especially 

 red varieties, have so far given us some very good results. Conclusions 

 should, however, not be too hastily reached, as it frequently happens 

 that varieties do well for a few years and then decline. The real resist- 

 ance of many of them to phylloxera is still undetermined. 



In order that the investigations carried on in the experimental vine- 

 yards may have as direct application as possible to the vineyard soils, 

 analyses and maps of the soils have been made and correlated by the 

 Bureau of Soils. 



A few words of caution are not out of place relative to the enormous 

 vine plantings that have the last few years been made and that will be 

 made the coming season. These have resulted largely on account of the 

 shortness in the wine supplies on hand that were occasioned by the 

 San Francisco disaster, where at least 15,000,000 gallons of wine were 

 lost, and the heavy demand and increased shipments of table grapes 

 from California the last few years occasioned by the shortness of the 

 Eastern grape crop and other deciduous fruit crops. Of these plant- 

 ings a majority are not on resistant stocks, and not enough considera- 

 tion is given to the selection of varieties with reference to their fitness 

 for the purpose grown or the surroundings in which they are planted. 

 While the lack of information that has heretofore been on the adapta- 

 bility of resistant stocks is some excuse for the planting of non- 

 resistant vines in soils where the insect is naturally restricted in its 

 progress, and this is especially true in districts where the phylloxera 

 has not yet been located, there is absolutely no excuse for again plant- 

 ing Viniferas direct on land where the vineyards have been previously 

 destroyed by the insect or where it is known to exist. 



THE CHAIRMAN. We will now proceed to the subject of "Grapes," 

 by Mrs. M. E. Sherman. I believe her paper is here, if Mrs. Sherman 

 is not. 



