THE GARDENER. 



41 



a stock for their pears, because its wood Increases 

 more in accordance with that of the latter. On the 

 same principle (that is to say, a less copious supply of 

 nourishment) trees are rendered more dwarf than they 

 naturally are, and hence are better adapted for small 

 spaces. On the contrary, a weak species will have a 

 tendency to grow stronger if grafted on one naturally 

 more vigorous. These are modifications induced by 

 the stock on the graft extremely necessary to be 

 known and attended to : for instance, apple-trees on 

 crab-stocks, if injudiciously planted in a small garden, 

 will soon overgrow their limits ; whereas on the 

 French paradise stock, the dwarfest of any, they are 

 easily managed within a very small space ; besides, 

 the roots of the latter are very fibrous, and run near 

 the surface, which renders them eligible for planting 

 over a bad subsoil. Many species and varieties both 

 of fruits and ornamental plants, natives of a warmer 

 soil, are advantageously grafted on their hardier con- 

 geners, such as the peach and apricot on the plum, 

 Chinese tender roses on the wild roses of our hedges, 

 and many ornamental species of Crataegus on the C. 

 Oxyacantha. 



" The methods of grafting are of great variety. 

 M. Thouin ( Monograjpliie des Greffes) has enume- 

 rated 43 modes of grafting, 39 of inarching, and 28 of 

 budding. Many of these are however more curious 

 than useful ; and not worth being detailed. It will 

 be better to explain the principle on which all modes 

 of successful practice must depend, either as regards 

 grafting, budding, or inarching. 



" It is well known that the bud of a plant has the 

 power of becoming a distinct individual, if separated 

 from the parent, and placed in circumstances suffi- 

 ciently favourable for its future development. But 

 no development can take place unless the portion ab- 

 stracted from any plant contain either a bud, or the 



