THE GARDENER. 



37 



may be so made that the part operated upon shall not 

 lose its vitality : " This operation consists in making 

 a narrow incision during the season when the sap 

 is in motion for the purpose of preventing its 

 descent and causing it to generate an increased 

 quantity of flowers and fruit above the incision; 

 the wound closes afterwards, and the life of the limb 

 is not affected. But repeated operations of this kind 

 debilitate it, and too wide an incision kills it. In the 

 tender parts of plants a tight ligature has the same 

 elFect. The practice, however, is not to be recom- 

 mended. If the rings be not sufficiently large to cut 

 off all communication between the upper and lower 

 edges of the wound they are useless, and if they are, 

 the wounds heal with difficulty."* 



Neither grafting nor budding can take place ef- 

 fectually, unless -the sap is circulated in both stock and 

 scion ; when it rises in spring the former operation 

 proceeds, but the other cannot be performed until a 

 much more advanced period, when the buds have been 

 developed. The gardener, therefore, should avail him- 

 self of the most convenient time and season for pro- 

 curing buds or scions. If he wants flowers from a 

 rose-tree stock, for instance, in the same year, he can 

 have them by making an early graft, but he could not 

 have them from the same year's bud. Some plants do 

 not bear budding so well as grafting, and others re- 

 quire from their nature to be inarched or layered. 



The important operations of Grafting and Layering 

 have been so well described in the Fenny Cyclopce'^ 

 dia, that we cannot do better than extract them entire, 

 as we have received permission to do so. 



Grafting, 



Grafting is an operation by which a portion of one 

 individual of the vegetable kingdom is applied to ano- 



* Lindley's Theory of Horticulture. 



