136 THE GARDENER. [xOV* 



tween two and four inches above the general surface. 

 The collar should be from six to nine inches from the 

 wall for the above trees, and for the apple, pear, and 

 cherry, from nine to twelve inches,* on a retentive 

 subsoil, where the roots are liable to be in a medium 

 too wet and cold at one period of the year^ and too 

 diy and impenetrable at another. 



The cherry-tree will thrive in a sandy soil if the 

 aspect be good, and the plum, which should never be 

 allowed to usurp a place suitable to the peach, re- 

 quires a medium soil, between that suited to the cherry 

 and the apple or pear. You may also now plant in 

 open situations the gooseberry, and currants, rasp- 

 berries, kc. : in short, this is the time for making all 

 your fruit-tree plantations, and an excellent season for 

 planting stocks for the spring and summer grafting, 

 and budding. Gather fruit as it ripens, or rather 

 before ; it would otherwise naturally drop from the 

 tree, especially if there be danger of frost, which 

 makes fruit decay quickly. Apples whose pips are 

 found to be ripe should be gathered, whatever b« 

 the outward appearance. 



Kitclien Garden. — Cut down the asparagus and 

 dress the beds with litter or a couple of inches of 

 short dung : protect endive, and seedling cauliflowers, 

 as well as the plants which are heading, from frost, 

 and prolong the fruiting of French beans by some co- 

 vering when required ; earth up celery as high as you 

 can ; plant coleworts still. When carrots and parsnips 

 are fully ripe, take them up, trim off the crowns and 

 fibres, and pack them neatly in layers of sand or char- 

 coal. Dig, trench, and execute all other routine work. 

 Salsify and scorzonera may be similarly treated ; but 

 portions of these crops should be left in the ground, for 

 they are perfectly hardy, and are fresher taken up as 

 required, 



• Loudon's Sub. HorU 



