David Starr Jo r d a n 



These are being crossed again to improve the 

 flavor, and new selections made. 



Crossing the Japan and the New England 

 chestnut {Castanea japonica and C. americand), the 

 trees, leaves, growth and nuts are midway; second 

 generation and later generations as usual show 

 more varied combinations and variations. To 

 breed the burrs off from chestnuts is dangerous, 

 because it allows the birds to get in at the nuts. 

 The burr is originally intended to keep off the 

 birds. In developing his perfect variety of the 

 Persian (often called English) walnut {Juglans 

 regia), the shell was made too thin, so that the 

 birds could break in. It was necessary to make 

 new selections and crossings to thicken the shell 

 and still retain its other superior qualities. 



The Pierce grape was a bud sport from the 

 Isabella, producing much larger fruit. This bud 

 sport remains constant. All the seedlings even 

 from it are similar to the Pierce grape, following 

 the bud sport {Pierce) and not reverting to the 

 real parent form of the Isabella. Some ripen 



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