74 



AB and CD represent the brackets for the whole frame to rest 

 upon. 



EF, GH, IK, LM, the four uprights of the structure fastened 

 together, with as many tie beams or cross pieces. 



j^O, the windlass intended to raise the crusher, when necessary. 



IN", a wooden wheel to which is attached a rope. 



P, a pully through which the rope passes that holds the crusher 

 in suspension. 



Q, the end of the rope to which are fastened the four ends of the 

 crusher. 



PS, the crusher as placed in its frame ; — this frame consists of a 

 large piece of board with grooves cut on the lower side. 



S, a wooden peg fixed in the crusher in order to give motion to 

 the valve of the mill-hopper. 



R, the catch-peg for withdrawing or setting the crusher in its 

 case. 



T, the mill-hopper into which the Olives are placed, and from 

 whence they fall in small numbers at a time when the crusher 

 is set in motion. 



WV, the case at the bottom of which is a board grooved like that 

 of the crusher. 



X, a funnel terminating in a bag, into which the pulp of the 

 fruit falls. 



Z, a trough into which the oil falls, which the crushing had 

 caused to ooze out from the cells in which it was contained 

 (shut up). 



When the bag is full of pulp it is -taken away and another placed 

 * instead. 



a, an axis (shelf board) of iron upon which the case is balanced. 

 be, receiver through which the kernels are made to fall into 



the trough. 

 df, the trough for receiving the kernels. 



Plate O. — The Oil Mill, as represented in Plate O, figure 1, consists of a 

 good solid circular wall, generally from 24 to 30 inches in 

 height and from 6 to 8 feet in diameter. This structure is 

 then covered with hard well-polished stones (slabs) or thick 

 planks of oak when stones are not procurable, and arranged 

 in such manner that the edges are more raised than the centre, 

 allowing a fall of about six inches — as, for example, from 

 E to F ; wherefore, the circle passing in C is lower and more 

 depressed. 



A millstone of the thickness of a foot (more or less), upon a dia- 

 meter of five feet (more or less), is fastened to a beam, JK, 

 which turns on a pivot, 1, in the centre of circle, in a hole 

 bored into the beam, LL, by means of pole, CD, firmly 

 secured in the mortise, D, of that pole, the axis upon which 

 it has a rotatory motion. 



It is only necessary to glance at the figure to understand the 

 mechanism of this mill. A horse tied to the axle, C, turns 

 the beam, and with it the millstone, which, turning on itself, 

 naturally crushes by its weight everything that is put in its 

 way. A man appointed to it, with a spade shoves as much 



