120 TREATISE ON THE CULTURE AND 



main for good. If any of the layers have not taken proper root, 

 they may be left till the autumn following. 



Filberts and nuts may be planted on the outsides of woods, 

 or in the back parts of shrubberies and pleasure grounds, or 

 in large kitchen gardens, in shady walks ; or for the purpose of 

 hiding sheds, cisterns, &c. 



When they are raised from seed, it should be sown in au- 

 tumn, in a light earth ; and it will be necessary to cover the 

 beds all over with slates, flat stones, or bricks, to prevent the 

 mice from eating the nuts or carrying them off in winter. 



When at the Botanic Gardens, Chelsea, I once sowed se- 

 veral quarts of Large Barcelona Nuts, in pots, in two frames 

 at a considerable distance from each other, the nuts were all 

 carried off by the mice in one night. On searching round the 

 lining of a frame where we kept green-house plants in winter, 

 I found above a quart of the nuts in one hoard, w^hich I again 

 sowed immediately, covering them over with slates ; from these 

 nuts I raised some very fine plants. 



The Barcelona Nut-Tree is rather scarce in England, but 

 it is well worth cultivating ; it is a distinct species, and grows 

 to a fine timber tree. The nuts that I sowed, as mentioned 

 above, were produced from a fine tree in the Botanic Gardens 

 at Chelsea*. 



Those who are not in possession of plants may procure 

 them from nuts fresh imported from Spain, by sowing them 

 as above directed. Great quantities are imported annually 

 under the name of Barcelona, or Great Spanish Nuts. 



When in the nursery, nut-trees should be trained with 

 single straight stems, to form fine heads from three to six feet 

 high ; cutoff the leading shoot at the height you would have 

 the head formed, rubbing off all the lower buds, and leaving 

 only as many at top as you think will be sufficient to form a 

 handsome head, and according to the strength of the stem. 



Nuts, when intended for keeping, should be well dried 

 and packed in jars or boxes of dry sand (and placed in a fruit- 

 room, or dry cellar), well covered down to preserve them from 

 mice. 



The shoots of filberts and nut-trees are very useful for 

 stacking green-house plants and raspberries, or for making- 

 withes to bind faggots, and for sticking peasef. 



* This tree, at two feet and a half from the ground, measures about four 

 feet in circumference. 



f I have often been astonished, that those who have gardens in America, 

 should pay so little attention to fruit of this sort. The nuts, which are natives 



