i2B TREATISE ON THE CULTURE AND 



March, and ought to be covered over as directed for ches- 

 nuts, to preserve them from. mice. If they thrive well, they 

 will be fit for transplanting the first autumn after sowing; 

 but, if not, they should be suffered to remain another year. 

 Bed them out in the same manner as directed for chesnutSj 

 transplanting every second or third year, until they are planted 

 out for good. This will cause them to throw out fine horizon- 

 tal roots, and bring them into a bearing state much sooner than 

 when they make deep tap-roots. Train them up with fine single 

 stems to about seven feet high, before you suffer them to form 

 heads ; the branches v/ill then be out of the reach of catde. The 

 time of transplanting them out depends on the progress that 

 thev have made in the nurser}' ; they should be suffered to 

 continue there until they have grown to a tolerable size, and 

 to the height just mentioned as proper for standards. The 

 ground, where they are to be planted, should be well ploughed 

 or trenched, and the tree planted, at first, in rows six feet apart, 

 and the same distance from tree to tree in the rows, in the 

 quincunx order, and thus to remain till they come into bear- 

 ing. This will be necessary, as there is no dependance on the 

 sort of fruit that trees raised from seed may produce. After 

 you have made choice of those which bears the best fruit, the 

 other may be planted out for timber, or cut down for stakes, or 

 any other purpose. The trees left for bearing must be thin- 

 ned, by taking out every other tree in the remaining rows, as 

 they increase in size, till they stand at the distance proper for 

 full grown trees ; which may iDe from twentv-four to forty-eight 

 feet according to the richness of the soil and the progress which 

 the trees make. 



In trimming the stems of walnut-trees, cut off the shoots 

 and small branches close to the bole,- and in lopping, cutting, 

 out cross branches, or such as are damaged by winds and 

 other accidents, always cut at a fork or eye, otherwise part of 

 the branch will die and injure the tree. But, whether onlv a 

 part or the whole of a branch be cut off, the composition ought 

 immediately to be applied*. 



Formerly, walnut-tree was much used for building, and 

 for houshold furniture ; but mahogany and other foreign tim- 

 bers, have now in a great measure superceded it, especially in 

 the latter article. This timber will do very well for uprights, 

 but is rather too britUe for joists, rafters, kc. and, when pro- 



* I know that there is great difTicuity In raising walnut-ti-ees in America; 

 but, I nevertheless, am of opinion, that, if proper attention were paid to the 

 cultivation of them, they would answer very well. At any rate it is worth a 

 trial. 



