MANAGEMENT OF FRUIT TREES, 135 



which you take your graft, stand so near together, that they 

 maybe joined; and should be performed in the month of 

 April. This method, which is also called inarching, is chiefly 

 used for jasmines, oranges, and other tender exotic trees. 



We come next to the manner of performing the several 

 methods of grafting. 



The first, which is termed rind, or shoulder-grafting, is 

 seldom practised but on large trees, where either the head or 

 the large branches are cut off horizontally, aud two or more 

 cions put in, according to the size of the branch, or stem ; in 

 doing this, the cions are cut fiat on one side, with a shoulder 

 to rest upon the crown of the stock ; then the rind of the stock 

 must be raised up, to admit the cion between the wood and the 

 bark of the stock, which must be inserted about two inches, 

 so as that the shoulder of the cion may meet, and closely join 

 the crown of the stock ; and, after the number of cions is in- 

 serted, the whole crown of the stock should be well clayed 

 over, leaving two eyes of the cions uncovered therewith, which 

 will be sufficient for shooting. This method of grafting was 

 much more in practice formerly than it is at present ; and the 

 discontinuance of it was caused by the ill success with which 

 it was attended ; for, as these cions were placed between the 

 rind of the stock and the wood, they were frequently blown 

 out by strong winds, after they had made large shoots, which 

 has sometimes happened after five or six years' growth ; so 

 that, whenever this method is practised, there should be some 

 stakes fastened to support the cions until they have almost co- 

 vered the stock. 



The next method is termed cleft, or stock-grafting ; this 

 is practised upon stocks, or trees, of a smaller size, and may 

 be used with success where the rind of the stock is not too 

 thick, whereby the inner bark of the cion will be prevented 

 from joining to that of the stock. This may be performed on 

 stocks, or branches, that are more than one inch diameter : 

 The head of the stock, or branch must be cut off with a slope, 

 and a slit made the contrary way, in the top of the slope, deep 

 enough to receive the cion, which should be cut sloping like a 

 wedge, so as to fit the slit made in the stock ; being careful to 

 leave that side of the wedge which is to be placed outward 

 much thicker than the other: And in putting the cion into the 

 slit of the stock, there must be great care taken to join the 

 rind of the cion to that of the stock ; for if these do not unite, 

 the grafts will not succeed ; when this method of grafting 

 is used to stocks that are not strong, it will be proper to 

 make a ligature of bass, to prevent the slit of the stock from 



