ipll 



BETTER FRUIT 



Page S9 



Figure 5— SPOTS IX THE STEM OF LUCRETIA DEWBERRY CAUSED BY 

 ANTHRACNOSE 

 Read article by W. H. Lawrence, page 73 of this issue 



Currants are usually planted in rows 

 four to five feet apart, the plants stand- 

 ing two to three feet apart in the rows. 

 They will not thrive in the hot interior 

 valleys of California, being subject to 

 sunburn. It is only practical to grow 

 them in the coast counties, and they 

 attain perfection when they get the bene- 

 fit of the cool, moist air from the ocean. 

 Prune in winter, thinning out the new 

 shoots when they are too thick, and 

 remove the old, unfruitful wood. Thor- 

 ough cultivation, but not deep, is at all 

 times advisable. 



Black Naples — Very large and black; valuable for 

 jams and jellies. 



Cherry — Very large, deep red; fine for preserv- 

 ing; valuable market variety. 



Crandall's Black — A native black seedling of the 

 wild currant and the only variety which will grow 

 in the hot interior valleys of California. It is a 

 vigorous grower and a heavy producer. Berries 

 large to very large, one-half to three-quarters of an 

 inch in diameter. A fine fruit and worthy of gen- 

 eral cultivation. 



Fay's Prolific — A new currant, which has well 

 sustained the claims of its disseminator. It is 

 larger than the Cherry, has less acid and is much 

 more prolific. 



La Versaillaise — A French variety of very large 

 size, resembling the Cherry; of great beauty and 

 very productive. 



White Grape — Large, yellowish white; valuable 

 for the table; the finest of the white sorts; very 

 productive. 



The gooseberry is just as averse to 

 growing in hot, dry climates as the cur- 

 rant, and it therefore finds conditions 

 favorable for its perfect development in 

 localities where the climate is cool and 

 foggy. All attempts to grow it in the 

 interior simply result in failure. In the 

 mountains, however, at an elevation of 

 5,000 feet, the gooseberry thrives and 

 produces an abundance of fruit.. Goose- 

 berries should be planted and pruned in 

 practically the same manner as currants. 



Downing — Fruit good size, roundish oval, whitish 

 green; skin smooth; flesh soft and very good. 



Oregon Champion — Berries very large, brownish 

 red color, very sweet and fine for table use and 

 pies; bush strong, not very thorny; a very prolific 

 bearer. 



Smith's Improved — A seedling from Houghton; 

 fruit quite large, and a stronger grower than the 

 parent; light green, flavor sweet and excellent; 

 very productive. 



Berkeley — Immensely prolific; large and hand- 

 some; ripens very early; commands a high price. 



Industry — Regarded as the best English goose- 

 berry yet introduced; the fruit is of the largest 

 size, dark red and hairy, rich and agreeable. 



Victoria — A new variety introduced from Eng- 

 land, somewhat resembling Crown Bob, but with 

 larger berries; very strong grower, a late bloomer 

 and sure cropper. Stands well in the lead as one 

 of the best English gooseberries. It is of excellent 

 flavor and is well suited for market purposes. 



The strawberry adapts itself to a wide 

 range of soils and climates, and in this 

 respect it differs from the other members 

 of the berry family. Strawberries bear 

 almost the entire year in several of the 

 coast counties, and the same may be said 

 of the plants in the interior valleys where 

 they are properly mulched and irrigated. 

 In laying off ground for strawberries the 



first essential point is to grade the plot 

 so it has a gradual fall, so that no part of 

 the rows will become submerged in irri- 

 gating. There are a number of methods 

 for laying out strawberry beds, but the 

 one mostly followed by commercial 

 growers is to plant in rows hilled up and 

 about two feet apart, with a ditch between 

 for irrigating. Set the plants eighteen 

 inches apart in the rows. The best time 

 to set the plants is late in the fall after 

 a heavy rain or any time in the early 

 spring months. It is important during 

 the fruiting season to keep the plants in 

 an active state of growth by irrigating, 

 weeding and cultivating. In order to 

 obtain large, highly flavored fruit, pinch 



KARL J. STACKLAND 

 Grower and Shipper 

 Blue Mountain Fruit 



Cove, Oregon, February 28, 1911. 



n 



Northwestern Fruit Exchange, 

 Portland, Oregon. 



Gentlemen: It is with pleasure that I 

 herewith extend to you my thanks for 

 the work done for me in selling nine cars 

 of apples at prices that no other agency 

 could have obtained this season without 

 a better equipment in every way than 

 they have commanded up to date. For a 

 first season demonstration of your system 

 and ability to market fruit to the best 

 advantage, your work leaves nothing of 

 importance to desire or to criticise by 

 anyone who knows and realizes all the 

 difficulties of this business. 



Looking over the eighteen years that 

 I have been a shipper of fruit from this 

 section, your concern looms up as the 

 greatest boon to the fruit industry of the 

 Northwest Pacific Slope of anything yet 

 established. No growers' union or fruit 

 exchange can ever hope to market fruit 

 to as good an advantage as yourselves, 

 unless headed by some successful ship- 

 experience in the business. I am, there- 



off the runners as fast as they appear, 

 and this will cause the plants to stock 

 out, as it were, on which the very finest 

 strawberries may be expected the follow- 

 ing season. 



Brandywine — Large, roundish, conical, of fine 

 quality; flesh firm; valuable medium to late variety. 



Jessie — Large, handsome, roundish, conical, dark 

 red, firm and of good quality; plant vigorous and 

 productive. 



Longworth's Prolific — One of the best known 

 varieties in California; an old favorite, always 

 commanding a high price. Better adapted to tfie 

 coast counties than to the interior valleys. 



Marshall — One of the best all-purpose berries; 

 very large, roundish, dark rich crimson; quality 

 good, firm; a good market sort. The most popular 

 and profitable variety in this section. 



Sharpless — This old and well known sort is still 

 very popular; fruit large, bright scarlet; flesh light 

 red, moderately firm, sweet, rich and of good 

 flavor; profitable for market and also for home use. 



fore, Strongly of the opinion that the 

 best thing the growers of this region can 

 do is to line up and let you handle the 

 whole output, through local unions or 

 otherwise. 



Co-operation is all right if those so 

 organized are willing to pay for the very 

 best business talent obtainable for that 

 purpose, otherwise of little or no benefit; 

 while organization for uniform grading 

 and co-operation, under a real marketing 

 concern like yours, wherein the members 

 are all mutually interested with the rest 

 of the patrons as growers and investors 

 in this industry, is the only thing that 

 promises a sure and early success in this 

 line. 



I expect to let you handle all I have to 

 ship in the line of apples, etc., next year, 

 or rather for the next season. 



V er}' truly yours, 



Karl J. Stackland. 



Mr. Stackland is known throughout the 

 Northwest as a fruit grower and shipper 

 of wide experience, not only in the prob- 

 lems of production, but also of market- 

 ing. The letter is reproduced with his 

 permission. * 



MARKETING OF FRUIT— THE LIVE ISSUE 



Figure 2- 



-SPOTS ON THE STEM OF THE LAWTON BLACKBERRY, CAUSED BY THE ANTHRACNOSE FUNGUS 

 Read article by W. H. Lawrence, page 73 of this issue 



