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BETTER FRUIT 



Page 6 1 



In the iron sulphide experiments the 



I following formulas were used: 

 Formula (a) — 10 pounds or iron sulphote to 100 

 gallons. 

 Formula (b) — 15 pounds of iron sulphate to 100 

 gallons. 

 Formula (c) — lYz. pounds of iron sulphate to 100 

 gallons. 

 Formula (d) — 5 pounds of iron sulphate to 100 

 gallons. 

 First spraying, March 27, 1908; cool 

 and cloudy weather; formula (a); applied 

 to four full bearing White Pearmain 

 trees, three young Bellflower trees, two 

 full bearing pear trees and 16 full bearing 

 Newtown trees; amount used, 200 gal- 

 lons. Formula (b) applied to eight-year- 

 old Newtowns; amount used, 100 gallons. 

 The apple trees were not in bloom, but 

 the blossom buds were unfolding, and 

 the White Winter Pearmains had con- 

 siderable foliage. One pear tree was in 

 bloom and the other just ready to 

 expand its blossoms. 



Second spraying, April 28, 1908; clear 

 and warm weather; formula (c) applied 

 to the same trees receiving the first 

 spraying. Arsenate of lead was used in 

 the mixture applied to the bearing trees 

 at the rate of six pounds to 100 gallons. 

 Amount of spray used, 300 gallons. 

 Young Newtowns received 100 gallons 

 without arsenate of lead. All the trees 

 were past blooming, and the calyx cups 

 of the apples were rapidly closing. Foli- 

 age had now become abundant. 



Third spraying, June 3, 1908; weather 

 clear, temperature moderate, light wind; 

 formula (a) applied to the same trees 

 receiving the other sprayings. The 300 

 gallons applied to the bearing trees con- 

 tained arsenate of lead at the rate of four 

 pounds to 100 gallons. The trees were 

 all in heavy foliage, apples size of wal- 

 nuts and larger. 



Fourth spraying, August 1, 1908; warm 

 and cloudy weather; formula (d) applied 

 to one-half of the trees receiving the 

 other sprayings, each variety. The pear 

 trees were omitted. Arsenate of lead 

 was used in the mixture at the rate of 

 six pounds to the 100 gallons, and those 

 trees not receiving the iron sulphide 

 application were sprayed with arsenate 

 of lead at the same rate. On the full 

 bearing trees the foliage growth of the 

 season was practically complete, and the 

 fruit was fully two-thirds grown. 



Fifth spraying, September 4, 1908; 

 temperature moderate, fog during night; 

 formula (d) plus four pounds of arsenate 

 to the 100 gallons, applied to the trees 

 receiving the fourth application. 



Copper sulphide (preparation similar 

 to iron sulphide). Dates of application 

 and conditions of the experiment the 

 same as for iron sulphide. Not applied 

 to pear or Bellflower apple trees, but 

 other varieties the same as iron sulphide. 



First spraying, 10 pounds of copper 

 sulphate and three pounds of sulphuric 

 acid precipitated with excess of lime- 

 sulphur solution, 200 gallons of water. 

 The sulphuric acid used to bring up sul- 

 phur content. Applied to seven White 

 Winter Pearmains, 16 full bearing New- 

 towns and a number of eight-year-old 

 Newtowns. 



Second spraying, six pounds of copper 

 precipitated with lime-sulphur solution 

 and diluted to 200 gallons, plus 12 pounds 



of arsenate of lead. Only six of the full 

 bearing Newtowns received this applica- 

 tion. Other varieties the same as first 

 spraying. 



Third spraying, five pounds of copper 

 sulphate precipitated with lime-sulphur 

 solution and diluted to 200 gallons, plus 

 eight pounds of arsenate of lead. Applied 

 to trees receiving the second spraying. 



Fourth spraying, five pounds of copper 

 sulphate precipitated with lime-sulphur 

 solution, plus 12 pounds of arsenate of 

 lead, diluted to 200 gallons. In this 

 spraying the small Newtown trees were 

 omitted and the large Newtowns receiv- 

 ing the first application, but not the sec- 

 ond and third, were sprayed. Also a 

 few trees not previously sprayed during 

 the season. 



Lime-sulphur solution, applied to the 

 same varieties as the copper sulphide 

 experiment. Conditions and date of the 

 experiment the same. 



First spraying, 1 to 19, that is one- 

 half winter strength of the 32 degrees 

 Beaume commercial solution, 200 gal- 

 lons applied to old trees and 100 to 

 young. 



Second spraying, 1 to 39, or one-fourth 

 winter strength. That applied to the old 

 trees contained 10 pounds of barium car- 

 bonate to the 100 gallons. The applica- 

 tion to the young trees contained no 

 barium carbonate. 



Third spraying, 1 to 60, or one-sixth 

 winter strength. That applied to the 

 old trees contained 10 pounds of barium 

 carbonate to 100 gallons. The eight- 

 year-old Newtowns were sprayed with 

 lime-sulphur solution at the strength of 

 1 to 100. 



Fourth spraying, 1 to 100, plus 10 

 pounds of barium carbonate to the 100 



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