Page 94 



BETTER FRUIT 



April 



"Better Fuit" on "Woolly Aphis" that 

 I got a nudge "if kerosene emulsion 

 would kill woolly aphis why would it not 

 kill the snout beetle?" Happy thought, but 

 I had never used kerosene emulsion, and 

 did not know how to make it, and here 

 is where I must take off my hat to Pro- 

 fessor Melander, because he had com- 

 piled and published in the spray number 

 of "Better Fruit" the spray calendar, 

 and from this I learned how to make the 

 emulsion (10 per cent), and we began 

 applying it. The effect was sure and 

 speedy. We used one-half gallon funnel 

 measures, capped over so as to leave an 

 opening about the size of a match, pour- 

 ing a small quantity on the ground 

 around the trees, as the beetle is not 

 able to burrow, but lives in the holes and 

 entrances around the body of the tree. 

 One application was found to be enough. 

 There were from a dozen to fifty to a 

 tree. 



The beetle is ash-color, about one- 

 third of an inch long, has six legs, a long 

 snout with two feelers on it, and will be 

 found around the trunk of the tree in 

 early March; it is not seen after April 

 15th; works only when the weather suits 



him, likes smoky weather best, eats nights 

 as well as day times, but goes into the 

 ground if it is too hot or too cold. So 

 far I have found the snout beetle on one- 

 year-old trees on ground second year 

 after clearing from sage brush. 



WAY TO MEASURE WATER.— The quantity 

 of water running in a large or small stream or 

 in a ditch can be measured very simply without the 

 vise of a weir, if an approximation of the flow will 

 suit the purpose. First secure the mean velocity in 

 feet per minute, by throwing a floating body such 

 as a light straw or thin stick of wood into the 

 center of the stream, where, of course, the water 

 is flowing the fastest. The stick should be thrown 

 some distance above the point to be measured, so 

 that by the time it gets down it will have acquired 

 the velocity of the water. Measure off fifteen or 

 twenty feet, and take the time consumed by the 

 stick in going this distance. This velocity is much 

 more than the mean velocity of the stream. In 

 fact, take 8.3 per cent of this velocity as the average. 

 Next secure the cross section by getting the average 

 depth, which can be found by measuring the depth 

 in a number of places at equal distance across the 

 stream, adding them together and dividing by the 

 number of measurements taken. This will give the 

 average depth, which should be multiplied by the 

 width of the stream at the surface for the cross 

 section. Thus if it is found that the float traveled 

 twenty feet in ten seconds, then the stream is 

 flowing two feet per second. If you desire to be 

 more exact, take 83 per cent of this velocity. Then 

 multiply by the cross section and you will have the 

 cubic feet per second. — Exchange. 



LATE WATERING TREES.— Trees transpire 

 water in the winter the same as they do in 

 summer, but not to so great an extent, of course, 

 as when the trees are in full leaf and in an active 

 state of growth. The gist of the whole matter is 

 simply this: If tlie ground becomes dry during the 

 winter the trees will be very apt to be injured by 

 the tops becoming dried out. This is one of the 

 principal causes of the so-called freezing dry, a 

 common occurrence in the northern part of Colo- 

 rado. As a general thing it may be said that late 

 watering is advisable, because the rule will apply 

 in the majoritv of cases. But it is with irrigation 

 as with most other orchard operations — no set rules 

 can be given; the orchardist must determine these 

 points for himself. If the orchard soil is inclined 

 to hold water, obviously more water will be a 

 detriment. In some cases that we have seen, drain- 

 age would be better practice. In other orchards 

 the ground will become very dry, all of which the 

 grower can easily determine, and then he should 

 regulate his practice accordingly. — W. Paddock, 

 Colorado Agricultural College, Fort Collins. 



^ ^ 



Editor Better Fruit: 



Yotir beautiful publication came to us today. 

 It is a credit not only to your section of the coun- 

 try, but to the whole country. Yours very truly, 

 Emory C. Cook, Baltimore, Maryland. 



<S> <S> <S> 



Editor Better Fruit: 



Enclosed please find my check for one dollar for 

 "Better Fruit." I feel that it is the most satisfac- 

 tory one dollar that I spend during the year. If 

 I could get as much in return for every dollar 

 invested, Easy street would certainly have a large 

 mansion, with my nameplate on the door. Sin- 

 cerely yours, J. R. Weatherbee, Portland, Oregon. 



ORCHARD CULTIVATOR 



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WHEN WRITING ADVERTISERS MENTION BETTER FRUIT 



