Page 32 



BETTER FRUIT 



J line 



Copyright 11)10 by R. M. Kellogg Company, Three Rivers, Michigan 

 FIELD OF STRAWBERRIES OF A. R. CUMMINGS AT CANBY, OREGON 

 This is probably one of the finest strawberry fields on the Coast 



sion was applied at one strength onlj^ 

 namely, a fifteen per cent oil emulsion 

 prepared by using a common laundry 

 soap. Black Leaf was applied at one 

 strength, namely, one gallon to fifty-five 

 gallons of water. Home prepared lime 

 and sulphur was applied at one strength, 

 namely, fifteen pounds of lime and fif- 

 teen pounds of sulphur to fifty gallons 

 of water. This lime and sulphur was 

 made in the ordinary way and was boiled 

 for one hour, so that a first class lime 

 and sulphur spray was prepared. 



On March 28th the peach buds were 

 just showing their pink tips, and several 

 sprays were again applied. At this time 

 three of the tests were made with a 

 mixed spray of arsenate of lead and one 

 of the tobacco preparations, the arsenate 

 of lead being used for the twig-borer 

 and the tobacco preparation with which 

 it was mixed for the aphis. The follow- 

 ing insecticides were applied at this 

 time to about one hundred and fifty 

 trees: Rex lime and sulphur, one gal- 

 lon to ten gallons of water; Black Leaf, 

 one gallon to fifty gallons of water; 

 Black Leaf, one gallon to seventy gal- 

 lons of water, combined with arsenate 

 of lead three pounds to one hundred gal- 

 lons of water; Black Leaf "40," one gal- 

 lon to eight hundred gallons of water; 

 Black Leaf "40," one gallon to one thou- 

 sand gallons of water, combined with 

 arsenate of lead six pounds to one hun- 

 dred gallons of water; Black Leaf "40," 

 one gallon to nine hundred gallons of 



1 



2 







93 



water, combined with arsenate of lead 

 ten pounds to one hundred gallons of 

 water. 



The accompanying table gives the 



results of the first examination made on 



March 15, of trees sprayed in the Strain 



orchard. It may be seen from this table 



that all insecticides applied on March 



No. of Aphids 



Strength of on 6 T'dngs 



Insecticide Used Insecticide From 2 Trees 



Black Leaf 1-30 2 



Black Leaf * 1-40 2 



Black Leaf 1-50 1 



Black Leaf 1-70 1 



Black Leaf "40" 1-600 



Black Leaf "40" 1-800 6 



Black Leaf "40" 1-1000 7 



Rex Lime and Sulphvir. . . 1—10 

 Rex Lime and Sulphur... 1-11 



Soluble Oil 1-20 



Check 



Trees sprayed Jlarch 7, examined March 15. 



7th resulted in effective control, at all 

 strengths. Three subsequent examina- 

 tions were made on March 24th, April 

 26th and May 11th, each one indicating 

 practically the same results. It would 

 seem from this experiment that just as 

 the eggs of this aphis are beginning to 

 hatch is a favorable time to spray for its 

 control. Lime and sulphur proved to 

 be a perfect spray at this time. Appar- 

 ently it gave a little better final results 

 than anything else used. With the 

 exception of Nico-fume, all the tobacco 

 sprays of both early and late applica- 

 tions resulted in much good, but that 

 lime and sulphur applied on the latest 

 date of spraying did not prove beneficial. 

 This application of lime and sulphur was 



made at a time when some of the first 

 lime and sulphur spraying was being 

 done in the valley, but earlier than 

 much of it. The experience of most of 

 the orchardists was that the lime and 

 sulphur did no good applied late for green 

 peach aphis, which tallies with our expe- 

 rience. This season's experiments indi- 

 cate that the most important thing in 

 connection with the control of this aphis 

 by the use of lime and sulphur is to get 

 it on early; just as the eggs were begin- 

 ning to hatch was found to be a splendid 

 time. If spraying is delayed until the 

 aphis becomes full grown some other 

 spray besides the lime and snlph\ir 

 should be used. This spray will not kill 

 the mature stem-mothers unless applied 

 in excessive quantities. The tubacco 

 sprays are much better to use when 

 mature lice can be found. But these 

 preparations are also more effectual at 

 the time when the eggs are hatching. 

 A great amount of material is required 

 in order to be thorough enough to kill 

 most of the lice after they are fully 

 grown. 



The average orchardist would prob- 

 ably have a hard time to detect the little 

 lice when they are first hatched, but the 

 importance of spraying at this time 

 should be sufficient reason for him to 

 learn to find them. If this is not pos- 

 sible it would be reasonably safe to say 

 that the lice may be found hatching after 

 the first few days of warm spring- 

 weather in Februarv or March, in the 



