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have often seen him come to town and buy fresh meat, bacon, eggs, 

 butter, vegetables, melons, fruit, and the Lord knows what else, and go 

 home cursing the hard times, when he was himself the sole architect of 

 the misfortune of which he complained. 



The farmer in California is a reproach to his noble profession who does 

 not raise all the meat, chickens, eggs, milk, butter, fruits, and vegetables 

 required for the family and farm hands, besides some for market. He 

 should raise all his seed and feed. He should do most of his repairs of 

 implements, and generally he should buy less and sell more. He should 

 utilize in some profitable way all his land, and should cultivate less 

 acres and do it better". Raw products that yield no profit must be con- 

 verted into other forms that will give profit. The climate and soil with 

 and without irrigation in this State offer every inducement to the intelli- 

 gent, industrious farmer. 



I can see no reason why the old soils of France, that were cropped 

 before Columbus discovered America, should yield 20 bushels to the 

 acre on an average, and the lands of the United Kingdom, that have been 

 cultivated for a thousand years, should yield 31 bushels, and ours only 

 12, except it is poor farming. 



But I must not consume more time on this branch of the subject. 

 My limit of twenty minutes is up. I will yield the floor, unless you 

 wish me to submit what I may have to say about fruit growing. 



We are next to inquire as to the condition of the fruit industry in 

 California. 



The ledger of many fruit growers in 1894, as also in 1893, has not 

 verified fully the high hopes held out in 1892, when I reviewed the 

 then condition of the industry, notably as to green fruit shipments. 



Fortunately we do not find ourselves driven into the interior of 

 India and Russia and to the remote corners of the globe in search of 

 data from which to make deductions. We stand face to face with 

 the conditions that affect us. 



Let me indulge in a brief retrospect. We need not go back far, for 

 ours is essentially an infant industry still in its swaddling clothes, 

 albeit it is strong and lusty, and, like Shakespeare's Richard III, was 

 born with teeth. 



The fruit industry of California for export (i. e., for sale without the 

 State) practically began about 1880, in which year we sent out 546 

 carloads of all kinds. I have compiled the shipments from official 

 data in annual reports to the State Board of Trade, for the years 1890, 

 1891, 1892, and 1893. I have been able in these reports to show the 

 shipments, stated separately, of green deciduous fruits, citrus, dried, 

 raisins, nuts, canned fruit, and for 1891-2-3 of wines and brandies. 

 I submit a summary of these statements tabulated, from which you 

 can see at a glance the progress made. 



I now add to my former tables the per cent of gain and loss in the 

 years following 1890, compared with the latter year. This expresses the 

 gain or loss in three years. Our exports of — 



Green deciduous fruits show a gain of 133.57 per cent. 



Citrus fruits show a gain of 136.06 per cent. 



Dried fruits show a gain of 12.00 per cent. 



Raisins show a gain of 81.00 per cent. 



Nuts show a gain of 127.78 per cent. 



Canned fruits show a loss of... 43.00 per cent. 



Wine and brandy show a gain of 39.00 per cent. 



