— 162 — 



Mr. Sprague: Do you irrigate your olives? 



Mr. Kimball: I have not until the past year. Small trees, one, two, 

 three, perhaps four years old, will get along on almost any of our dry land, 

 no matter how deep it may be to water. But I wish to impress particu- 

 larly upon the fruit growers of this State that the olive tree, if the cut- 

 tings are taken from bearing trees, will pay all expenses the third year. 

 One more thing in the raising of the olive tree. In many instances 

 people have lost 75 per cent of their cuttings. I have made many 

 experiments with cuttings, and my most fruitful ones have been by 

 taking the long limbs of the trees. In planting I plow furrows, making 

 my rows from sixty to eighty rods long, and laying the limbs down hori- 

 zontally in the furrows and then tarn another furrow over them of 

 about three or three and a half inches in depth, and covering those 

 limbs. Those limbs throw up canes, and strong canes, too, perhaps once 

 in two or three feet. The next year they throw up more canes. The 

 second year I take out those that come up first, taking a carpenter's 

 gouge, and after removing the earth from around the cane, with two or 

 three blows on each side I take out a small piece of the cutting together 

 with the roots. They have a well-established system of roots. I have 

 often taken from twenty to thirty gallons of fruit from trees that have 

 only been planted four years back. 



(Recess until 1:30 p. m.) 



AFTEKlTOO^r SESSION. 



[Vice-President Buck in the chair.] 



THE QUESTION BOX — (RESUMED). 



Question, " What is the experience of fruit growers and shippers who 

 have used the Stephens patent fruit carrier in shipping green fruit, as to 

 its advantages and merits?" 



Mr. Block: We made a trial of some of them, and I think with 

 good fruit, well-colored fruit, and fruit of good size, there is an advan- 

 tage in it. If you want to put poor fruit in it you had better keep your 

 poor fruit at home or throw it away. 



Mr. Brainard: I have talked with a good many men who have used 

 it to a limited extent in Santa Clara County, and they tell me there is 

 an advantage of somewhere between 25 and 35 per cent, provided only 

 fine fruit is used. 



Question, " Will fruit seed reproduce the characteristic root and stock 

 growth of its parent, or will its reproduction be a chance?" 



Prof. Hussmann: I thought that matter was long ago laid at rest. 

 We all know that raising seedling fruits is a chance, and that some 

 certain classes of fruits offer greater chances for reproducing the same 

 kind than do others, but that you can never depend with certainty upon 

 what a seedling may turn out. Certain families or classes of fruit, 

 as for instance, yellow-flesh peaches, are more apt to come nearer the 

 original than white-flesh peaches. 



