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Mr. Motheral: Why? 



Prof. Hussmann: That I cannot tell. 



Mr. Motheral: Have you ever examined the blossoms to see the dif- 

 ference? 



Prof. Hussmann: I am not prepared to answer that question, because 

 you find similar blossoms in white-flesh peaches and in yellow-flesh 

 peaches. If Mr. Motheral can enlighten us on that subject I would be 

 very glad to hear from him. 



Mr. Motheral: Nature has tried to prevent the fertilizing of any 

 fruit with its own pollen. The Bartlett pear in some sections of the 

 country is comparatively barren to its own pollen. And in the East 

 they have had to graft in Winter Nelis on other varieties of pears to get 

 a crop at all. The fact that some varieties of peaches reproduce them- 

 selves nearer the originals than do others, occurs from the difference of 

 the bloom and the time that the pollen ripens. In some varieties the 

 pollen ripens at the time fertilization takes place. It cannot fertilize 

 until the pistil is in the right position. If you will investigate any 

 variety of fruit that reproduces itself from the seed you will find in the 

 conformation of the flower a reason. The Government has spent a good 

 deal of money in investigating that question, and has issued bulletins 

 upon it at various times. 



Question, "What is the best and cheapest way of treating the San Jose 

 scale?" 



Mr. Motheral: Living in the country where we first used the rem- 

 edy that has proved absolutely successful, perhaps it is proper that I 

 should say something on this subject. There was an Australian sheep 

 man in Fresno County who was dipping his sheep near a ranch belong- 

 ing to a man by the name of Coleman, and when this sheep man was 

 dipping his sheep a fruit raiser complained that his peach trees were 

 dying from the scale. The sheep man told him to go to his place and 

 get some of his sheep-dip, because he said the scab in his sheep was an 

 insect and he said the sheep-dip killed the insect, and he said, "I tell 

 you it will kill the devil." [Laughter.] 



A Voice: Do you believe it? 



Mr. Motheral: If I did I would apply it broadcast. [Laughter.] 

 And the fruit grower applied it and it cleaned his orchard, and left his 

 trees more vigorous than ever before. It came to the knowledge of Mr. 

 Thomas, who was at that time a member of the State Board of Horti- 

 culture, and in that way the knowledge was disseminated. The dip is 

 composed of lime, sulphur, and salt. I don't believe the salt has any- 

 thing to do with it, except that it makes the wash stick to the trees 

 better. 



Question, " Does the San Jose scale affect the root? Does frost abate it? 

 What is the best season for spraying? What sprayer is most practicable? 

 What solution is most effectual?" 



Mr. Block: I believe that the earlier in the winter after the leaves 

 are off the better for spraying. " Does frost abate it?" That I know 

 nothing about. As to the most practical sprayer, they have so many 

 hobbies on sprayers that I have nothing to say. 



Mr. Motheral: It depends upon what you want to accomplish by 

 spraying. There is a little worm imported into this country called the 



