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having been planted during the one season alone in District No. 1 of 

 this county, against a little over 4,000 acres altogether, previously 

 planted. Yet a large acreage has been planted during the present year, 

 especially near Escondido. The new plantations have been well divided 

 between citrus and deciduous and the olive, the prune and peach 

 taking preference among the deciduous. Excepting in the mountain 

 regions, the fruit crop has been especially fruitful, and the proceeds so 

 satisfactory that a new impetus will be given to the planting of this 

 fruit so well suited to this portion of the State. For the first time in 

 many years our mountain districts have suffered almost an entire failure 

 of nearly all kinds of fruits, caused by a heavy frost in April. This 

 calamity so considered, however, may have the mitigating feature of 

 being a means of subduing the codlin moth, should it gain a footing in 

 these fine apple orchards. This, however, we are trying hard to prevent 

 by a persistent use of the best means known to us. In sections where 

 there is a fighting chance for success orchardists are required to spray 

 the infected orchards three times during the early part of the season 

 with a solution of Paris green, and to place bands of burlap or grain 

 sack on the trunks of the trees, which bands are to be taken off, 

 examined, and returned once every week; also to hand-pick all infected 

 fruit once in ten days. These have proved very effectual measures, where 

 well enforced, so that now many orchards appear to be already free from 

 the pest. 



We aim by every stringent quarantine regulation to exclude all 

 infested fruit from our market. During the year hundreds of boxes of 

 fruit have been destroyed and thousands of boxes fumigated. This 

 tends to deter shipments of poor or infected fruit, thus giving clean 

 fruit the first chance and growers living prices. This has already 

 awakened a new interest, especially in apple growing, to which so much 

 of our county is admirably suited, and stimulated new plantations of 

 the apple as a fruit for profit. We, however, are confronted by another 

 enemy to the apple in our mountain districts — the "apple tree mil- 

 dew," which made its appearance about four years ago on trees near 

 Banner, in the Julian district. The next year it made its appearance 

 in several other orchards in various parts of the district, and in the 

 following year it became quite prevalent all over that region, also appear- 

 ing on the older orchards on Smith's Mountain, twenty-five miles from 

 Julian. The disease attacks the new wood, curling the leaves, and giv- 

 ing both the appearance of being covered with a heavy white frost. The 

 growth is almost entirely arrested, and the new wood finally turns black 

 in places and the leaves become dry, crumbling to a powder when rubbed 

 in the hand. In the orchards on Smith's Mountain it is noticed that 

 the disease has spread to adjoining peach trees, affecting them the same 

 as the apple tree. It is also noticed that the young growth of the native 

 oak is affected with the same or similar fungus, which may indicate 

 that it is native to those regions. Professor Pierce, the Government 

 expert at Santa Ana, has examined specimens sent him and prescribed 

 remedies, none of which have proved effective and economic enough to 

 be available in large orchards. The orchardists of the Julian district 

 were much alarmed at the threatening character of this disease, but this 

 alarm has much subsided, since it has thus far only slightly crippled 

 the tree in the new growth, and also because the attack has been much 

 less severe this year than formerly. The lowest altitude known by us 



