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too much shaded. Among the small parasitical and 

 cryptogamic plants, constituting the moss on apple 

 trees, are the following: — Spiloma melanopum, appears 

 in the form of sooty spots. Borrera chrysopthalma, 

 orange-coloured and busby. Tortula fallax s in light 

 green tufts. Leneodon scinroides, creeping dark 

 green tufts. Foaaria hygrometrica, pale green tufts. 

 Orthotrickum affine, pale green tufts. Hijpnum lu- 

 tescens, yellowish green patches ; besides others still 

 more common. 



The procedure which will radically remove mossi- 

 ness, is to drain the soil thoroughly, and to thin the 

 trees to wider intervals if too close. If the branches 

 are also too crowded, they must be gradually pruned 

 and reduced in number. 



With regard to local remedies for the immediate 

 removal of these parasites, the branches and stems 

 should be scraped, and then scrubbed with a strong 

 brine made by dissolving common salt in water. It 

 should be so strong that an egg will float in the liquor. 



Mr. G. Watson, of Norton Vicarage, near Stockton- 

 on-Tees, recommends the use of lime. 



This is a very old remedy, and, in our opinion, a 

 very bad one, for the alkaline quality of the lime pro- 

 motes canker, and the lime itself clogs the pores of 

 the bark. The glaring white colour it imparts to the 

 trees is very disagreeable to the eye, and if this be 



