114 



means we can readily discern, under a dry state of 

 atmosphere, what parts have been missed in the first 

 dressing, and apply a second accordingly. 



The Red Spider (Acarus tellarius) is a great 

 pest to the apple in dry summers, and on hot soils. 

 Water and sulphur are the best remedies. A liberal 

 watering of manure- water at the root, and a thorough 

 dusting of sulphur on the back of the leaves, will 

 soon subdue them. 



USES. 



The apple-tree is cultivated chiefly for its fruit, but 

 this is not the only part that is valuable to man. 



The wood of the wild apple is tolerably hard : it 

 turns very clean ; and when made into cogs for wheels, 

 acquires a polish, and lasts a long time. The bark 

 of the apple-tree affords a yellow dye, and the acid 

 juice of the crab-apple is called verjuice, forming a 

 harsh, austere vinegar. 



The apple-tree, however, is most extensively culti- 

 vated for the purpose of converting the juice of its fruit 

 into cider. In previous sections we have entered into 

 details pointing out the varieties best suited for making 

 this truly English liquor, and the mode best suited 

 to their cultivation, and it now only remains for us to 



