14 



tubular, but it is generally used to express a tendency 

 only to that habit. In the descriptions, for the sake 

 of discriminating the differences with greater accuracy, 

 the terms quilled and half-quilled, are used ; but for 

 the latter term, somewhat quilled is not unfrequently 

 substituted. The florets are said to be reflexed, when 

 the whole are bent backwards, exposing the disc. 

 They are recurved, when they are turned backwards 

 at the points. The scales are the bracteee of the in- 

 volucrum, and in single flowers are situated behind 

 the florets of the ray, one scale belonging to each 

 floret ; when the florets of the disc give way to, or 

 are changed into, florets resembling those of the ray, 

 the scale accompanies the transmutation, so that in 

 double flowers a series of scales is found behind every 

 series of florets, and when these scales appear in the 

 centre or disc, without being accompanied by ligulatc 

 florets, it is known, that although by some aborti 

 they have not been produced, yet that whenever the 

 plant blossoms perfectly, the flowers will be entirely 

 double, that is, devoid of disc. These scales cannot 

 be confounded with the small scales or paleae of the 

 receptacle, the former being much larger, and gene- 

 rally dark green. (Hort. Soc. Trans, vii. 144.) 



