THE DRY FARMING CONGRESS. 



199 



with the idea that the soil must be gotten into a certain physical con- 

 Soil Treatment. 



dition in order to get results. In the application of manure the way ^.t 

 used to be done, turned under and left open, it was a detriment, but if 

 it is disked into the top, turned under and packed down, it will bring 

 results." 



A DELEGATE, Wyoming: "I would like to know the gentleman's 

 experience in fall plowing, by plowing it again in the spring?" 



PROF. CAMPBELL: "I wouldn't do it. Ground plowed in the fall 

 I wouldn't plow again in the spring. I don't think it was necessaiT, and 

 many insist that it would be a disadvantage." 



Irrigation. 



A DELEGATE, Wyoming: "In irrigating a freid that year, can you 

 use water if necessary?" 



PROF. CAMPBELL: "That is quite different, because where you 

 have plenty of water to turn on, you can get that farm in condition and 

 have water rn the soil, while in localities where you have not irriga- 

 tion in handling the soil, you are liable to dry it more or less, and the 

 movement of water below is very slow until it gets very firm, conse- 

 quently you haven't the ideal condition to bring up the seed, but in 

 fall plowing which I favor, jo\i have got the condition and ought to 

 have it if you double disc to prevent loss of moisture." 



Soil Treatment for Soil. 



PROF. TINSLEY, New Mexico: "I would like to ask if you have 

 found any preference between com and wheat as to compactness in 

 the seed bed; that is, whether corn will flourish in a seed bed that 

 would be rather loose for small grains?" 



PRO|F. CAMPBELL: "No, sir, I have not observed any particular 

 points along that line, but I would say in that connection that the same 

 conditions would be favorable to corn, that would be favorable to wheat. 

 It is possible corn might survive in loose soil, to better advantage than 

 wheat because of its being a larger root,, but I believe the same funda- 

 mental principles apply. Permit me to reiterate one instance which was 

 told me in Canada in which a gentleman said that he seeded his ground 

 in the spring for spring wheat and left three acres to be put into sugar 

 beets. After seeding the gi'ound he harrowed it with a three-horse har- 

 row and then there came a little rain and the weeds started and he 

 gave it another harrow with the same outcome; still the situation was 

 no better, so he got a disc and harrowed it again in the same' way and 

 seeded it with a drill. The situation was exactly as it was when he 

 seeded the first of it, but now this was last June and the wheat he put 

 in three weeks later is six inches higher than the other; now, why? 

 The horses packed the ground. 



Land Fertilization. 



A DELEGATE, South Dakota: "I would like to ask if you maintain 

 that we can go along for an indefinite period by bringing about this phys- 



