290 



THIRD ANNUAL SESSIONS 



Depth of Moisture. 



reaches a deptli of 15 to 20 feet, but on the same kind of land, where it 

 is still sod, there is no moisture at any depth. Professors Jardine and 

 Allway examined my orchard, and Prof, AUway, took borings all over it 

 with his ground augur. These gentlemen can both certify that my or- 

 chard is a true product of dry farming. I am thinning out my apple 

 trees to 40 feet. 



Apple Orchard. 



"A square of 40 feet with a precipitation of 14 inches gives us about 

 60 tons of water a year to the tree. I have offered $1,000 to anybody 

 who will show that my trees are grown in seepage, as this orchard has 

 been reported to be growing, by certain parties. 



Deep Plowing. 



"My experience both in South Africa and Colorado lead me to say 

 that deep plowing — 10 to 15 inches — is safest. The new dry farm sys- 

 tems are all weak in plowing. The only way to get into the 30 and 40 

 bushel yield, per acre, is to plow deep. Plant alfalfa if only for home 

 use. All it needs is deep soil. 



Summer Fallow. 



"Fallow between every crop; if only for a month or two, fallow. 

 You can raise your own fruit easier than crops. Fear nothing, get 

 right out and do things. The past season (1908), has been one of the 

 driest, yet experienced, but deep plowing, pulled us through in fine 

 shape. Everybody else dried out or partially dried out in the district. 

 The county is importing $20,000 worth of hay. We have a plenty, and 

 a foot of snow all over the ground, insuring moisture for the next year's 

 crop. 



Seeding Thin. 



"The amount of seed per acre is very important for the beginner 

 to know. I use 10 pounds of alfalfa, rye, 25 pounds; winter wheat, 30 

 pounds; spring wheat, 40 pounds, and corn, about 5 pounds per acre." 



(c) IDAHO. 



Summer Fallow. 



F. W. Boehme, of Geneva, says he has been farming in his dis- 

 trict for 14 years. He has been cropping annually, but says he will now 

 try the summer culture plan. His altitude is 7,000 feet. Most of the 

 moisture comes in winter. The following crops are being raised with- 

 out irrigation, acreage yields being given: 



Acreage Yields. ^ 



Spring wheat, 16 to 25 bushels; Durum wheat, few to 24 bushels; 

 rye — winter and spring, 12 to 18 bushels; emmer (speltz), a few to 62 

 bushels; oats, 18 to 53 bushels; barley, 18 to 45 bushels; fodder grasses, 



