COTTON- WOOL. 



127 



As all the cotton which was brought from Berar, state of Culture 



^ ^ ^ and Trade of 



the Deccan, and other countries of the interior, Cotton in India, 

 was conveyed by land, the Mahratta cotton was 

 dearer at the sea- ports than the cotton which was 

 carried to Calcutta by w^ater, and it does not ap- 

 pear that cotton has, at any time, been an article 

 of export by sea from the Northern Circars. 



The districts to the southward and to the west- 

 ward of Madras afford cotton of better staple than 

 the Northern Circars, and the East-India Com- 

 pany have had considerable factories for the pro- 

 vision of longcloths and salampores in the terri- 

 tories to the southward of the Presidency ; but 

 the crops of these southern provinces being much 

 subject to the casualty of uncertain seasons, the 

 price of the cotton has been thereby enhanced, ^ 

 and the goods were dearer than those of the 

 northern districts. The calicoes of the southern 

 division of the Indian peninsula were early sup- 

 planted in the European market by British manu- 

 factures. 



Endeavours to establish the cultivation of supe- 

 rior kinds of cotton in the southern division of the 

 Madras territories have been long in the course of 

 progress. Bourbon cotton and Brazil cotton have 

 been cultivated by the Company's servants and by 

 private residents, and it is understood the culti- 

 vation of Bourbon cotton, from seed originally 

 imported by the Company, is still carried on to 

 some extent by a private resident at Tinnevelly. 



The 



