362 



COTTON - WOOL. 



Appendix. yellow tilige to the remaining part This therefore, when 

 extracted, is deemed the second sort of kupas. Again, 

 those pods which when ripe fall from the plant on the 

 groimd, are beat off therefrom by hail or rain, are gathered 

 by the ryots, and the kupas they yield is considered as the 

 third sort, from its being much mixed with earth, dust, 

 &c , and therefore very difficult to be well cleared and 

 cleansed, in the subsequent operations of separating the 

 cotton from its seed preparatory to its being fit for the 

 spinner. 



Rents o/" Lands, Expense o/'Tillage, and Frofjt yielded 

 from the Cultivation. 



The rarreah is chiefly cultivated by the querus, or 

 poppy cultivators, also by ryots of the Rajpoot and Zun- 

 nardar caste; and the munnoah by those of all tribes and 

 classes, as four other articles are always sown therewith. 



The rents of rarreah cotton lands are nukdey, or paid 

 in money, and vary from two to six rupees per begah, and 

 these rates are regulated according to the quality of the 

 ground. When the land is very good, the rate is of 

 course high; when of a middling kind, the rent is in pro- 

 portion ; and when under that standard, it is about two 

 or two and a half. And these distinctions are just and 

 proper, since as the best land is most productive, it ought 

 to yield the mcst to Government; and as an indifferent 

 soil must yield less, so is it equitable that its rent should 

 be assessed according to the quantity it is capable of pro- 

 ducing, making an allowance in both cases for the profit 

 the cultivator ought to derive, after liquidating his rent, 

 for his labour and exertions : for if an assessment be made 

 without a view to such consideration, or if the lands be 

 made to pay to Government or the Collector a rent equi- 

 valent or even nearly so, to the value of the produce they 



are 



