GRAFTING. 



145 



off a full inch or more, and then tied closely together. This 

 method may be much improved by performing what gar- 

 deners call tongueing or tipping ; that is, by making an in- 

 cision in the bare part of the stock, downwards, and a simi- 

 lar slit in the scion, upwards : after which, they are to be 

 carefully joined together, so that the rinds of both may meet 

 in every part^ when a ligament or bandage of bass is to be 

 tied round the scion, to prevent it from being displaced, 

 and the whole is to be covered over, or coated over with 

 the grafting clay above described. 



2. Cleft-grafting, or slit-grajting^ is performed on stocks 

 from one to two inches diameter. The head of the stock 

 being carefully cut off, in a sloping direction, a perpendicu- 

 lar cleft, or slit, is to be made about two inches deep, Vvdth 

 a knife or chisel, towards the back of the slope, into which 

 a w^edge is to be driven, in order to keep it open for the 

 admission of the scion : the latter must now be cut in a 

 perpendicular direction, and in the form of a wedge, so as 

 to fit the incision in the stock. As soon as it is prepared, 

 it should be placed in the cleft, in such a manner that the 

 inner bark of both the stock and scion may meet exactly 

 together. It is then to be tied with a ligature of bass, and 

 clayed over, as is practised in whip-grafting^ three or four 

 eyes being left in the scion uncovered. It should be 

 observed, that, in making the cleft in the stock, care should 

 be taken not to injure the pith, the scions being inserted in 

 the sap-w^ood of the stock or branch. 



3. Crown-grafting is commonly practised upon such 

 stocks as are too large and stubborn to cleave. It is some- 

 times called grafting in the bark or rind, from the scion 

 being inserted between the bark and wood. This mode of 

 grafting is performed with best effect somewhat later than 

 the others, as the motion of the sap renders the bark and 

 wood of the stock much more easi!y separated for the 

 admission of the scions. First cut or saw off the head of 

 the stock or branch horizontally, or level, and pare the top 

 smooth ; then, having the scions, cut one side of each flat, 

 and somewhat sloping, an inch and a half long, forming a 

 sort of a shoulder at the top of the slope, to rest upon the 

 crown of the stock ; and then raise the rind of the stock 

 with the ivory wedge, forming the handle of the budding 

 knife, (or some other suitable implement of a wedge-like 

 shape,) so as to admit the scion between the bark and the 

 wood two inches down. Then place the scion with the 

 cut side next to the w^ood, thrusting it down far enough for 



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