TOMATO. TURNIP. 291 



common is generally preferred ; but the Havcur of the yel- 

 low is much liked in peculiar dishes,*' — Loudon. '''All 

 the parts of this plant, but particularly the calyx of its 

 flower, yields an essential oil, yellow and odorous, and 

 highly charged with camphor. In the kitchen, it is used 

 as an ingredient in sauces and stuffings, and in what are 

 technically called jbrce^^ meats, — Armstrong. 



TOM AT 0,—Solanu7n liKopcrsicum. — '' This plant is of 

 llie same family with the potato, and, like it, is a native of 

 Southern America, It has several species, two of which 

 fall under our notice as garden vegetables, and are distin- 

 guished from each other only bj a difference of size. The 

 smaller is held to be the parent plant, and has the advan- 

 tage of ripening sooner, and better resisting cold weather. 

 To have an early crop, sow the seeds in a dry and warm 

 soil, and sheltered situation, in October, and cover the bed 

 with straw, or stable-litter, during the winter. For sum- 

 mer and fall use, sow again in May, and water freely. If 

 the soil and situation be favourable, and the culture proper, 

 the product will be great. The distance betvv'Cen the plants 

 should not be less than two feet'^ — Armstrong. 



Use. — " When ripe, the fruity which has an acid ilavour, 

 is put into soups and sauces, and the juice is preserved for 

 winter use, like ketchup ; it is also used in confectionary, 

 as a presefve, and, when green, as a pickle. Though a 

 good deal used in England, in soups, and as a principal in- 

 gredient in a well knovv^i sauce for mutton, yet our estim.a- 

 tion and uses of the fruit are nothiug to those of the French 

 and Italians, and especially the IcdXQv. ear Rome and 

 Naples, whole fields are <!oyered wiili it ; and sca^rcely a 

 dinner is served up, in which it does not, in some way or 

 other, form a part." — Loudon. 



TURNIP. — Brassica rapa.—HvityselVs Catalogue con- 

 tains the following varielies : 



EdLrly white Botch ^ 

 Early garden sUme ; 

 While flat^ or globe ; 

 Green round 5 

 Red round 5 

 Swan's eg"g ; 

 Large English Norfolk , 

 Long- tankard, or Hanover ; 



Long- j-ellow Frencli ; 

 Yellow Dutcii ; 

 Yellow Maltese; 

 Yeiiow Aberdeen-; 

 Yellowstone; 



Yellov/ 8->vedish, Russia, or rata 



bag-a; 

 Dedhain. 



The first three sorts are fittest for early, first succession, 

 and main crops. The French turrnp, according to Loudon, 

 is of excellent flavour, and is in high repute in France, Ger- 

 many, and Holland. Tlie Swedish, for its large size and 



