304 



CALENDARIAL INDEX. 



JULY. 



Clean and prepare your ground where your early crops of peas, spinage, 

 cauHflowerS; and cabbages grow, and all other vacant spots, to cultivate there- 

 on such plants as are proper to supply your table, in autumn and winter, with 

 later-grown productions. You ma;^ continue to sow crops of small salading 

 every eight or ten days, as directed in former months 3 but they should now be 

 sown on shady borders, or else be shaded by mats, occasionally, from the mid- 

 day sun, and frequently watered, both before and after the plants appear above 



ground. You may now plant out your celery plants in trenches, 74, unless you 

 ave already performed that operation, as directed last month. About the mid- 

 dle of July, and from that time to the end of the first week in August, you may 

 sow turnips, 292. Thin and transplant such lettuces as were sown last month, 

 and sow more lettuce-seed in the beginning, middle, and last week of this 

 month, in order to have a constant supply for the table, 191. Sow likewise 

 radishes, 261, and in the last week of this month a good crop of spinach may be 

 sown for autumn use 3 it will not then be so liable to run to seed as in the pre- 

 ceding months. It is a good practice to sow early kinds of cabbages, 60, about 

 this time, for a supply of young- greens during autumn. Collect all kinds of 

 seeds as they come to maturity, cutting off or pulling up the stems with the 

 seeds attached, as they ripen. Spread them in some airy place under cover, 

 turning them now and then, that tne seeds may dry and harden gradually, and 

 be careful not to lay them so thick as to hazard their heating and fermenting. 

 When they are sufficiently dry, beat out and clean the seeds, and deposit them 

 in bags or boxes till wanted. Give water to such plants as require it, but let 

 this be always done in the evening, that it may be of use to the vegetables be- 

 fore the sun shall cause it to evaporate. 



You may now inoculate or bud your fruit-trees, 165, and, where it can be 

 done without inconvenience, it will be well to turn swine into your orchard to 

 eat the fallen and decayed fruit, and thus destroy the insects which it contains. 

 If, however, this cannot well be done, or you have not swine in sufficient num- 

 bers to devour all your fallen fruit, it will be well to gather and carry it from the 

 ground before the insects, which inhabit it, make their way into the earth, anoi 

 make you destructive visitations another season. 



AUGUST. 



Keep all your crops clear from weeds, using the hoe where safe and conve- 

 nient 3 otherwise make claw-hoes of your hands, and weed-extracting nippers of 

 your thumb and fore-fingers. Pull up the haulm of peas, beans, &c., and re- 

 move it to your compost bed 5 bury it between rows of plants, or throw it, to- 

 gether with all weeds, &c. to your swine, that your premises may have a neat 

 appearance. Cut such herbs as are now in flower, to distil, or to dry for win- 

 ter use, being careful to do it when they are dry, and spread them in a dry, 

 shady place 3 for, if they are dried in the sun, they will shrink very much, turn 

 black, and prove of little value. Your dung-hilfs and compost-heaps should, 

 during the summer montns, be kept free from weeds 3 for if the seeds are per- 

 mitted to ripen and fall, the dung, when carried into the garden, will dissemi- 

 nate weeds innumerable. Attend to plants set out for seed, and put stakes 

 to such as need support. This month, as well as the latter part of July, is the 

 proper season for inoculating or budding, 165. P»I'Mahon says, ^'Cherries, 



{num.s, or any other fruit-trees, may be budded in August, if the bark parts free- 

 y from the stock. Pears ought to be inoculated the early part of the month, or 

 while the sap flows freely 3 but the peach, nectarine, almond, and apple, will 

 succeed any time between the first of August and twentieth of September, 

 provided tlie stocks are young and vigorous." 



Preserve peach, plum, cherry, and apricot stones, &c. to sow for raising 

 stocks to bud and graft on. These may either be sown immediately, or kept in 

 common garden earth or moist sand. But it will be necessary to sow them 

 before the stones open, and the radicles begin to shoot 3 otherwise many of them 

 will be broken or torn in the process of sowing. Every day they are kept ou 



