CALENDARIAL INDEX. 



305 



of ground is an injury to them 5 and if they remain in a dry state till spring-, 

 very few will vegetate till a year after^, and the greater number not at ail. 

 Continue to collect and preserve seeds as directed last month. Sow onions to 

 stand over winter, 218 ; likewise, cauliflowers, 72. 



SEPTEMBERc 



Hoe and thin your growing crops of spinach, 283. In the first week of this 

 month, sow a ftill crop of the prickly-seeded kind for winter and spring use, 283. 

 And, at the same time, you should sow a good supply of the early short-top, 

 white and red turnip-rooted and salmon radishes, 260. Earth up celery as it 

 advances in growth, but be careful to avoid covering me hearts of the plants. 

 'I'his work should be done in a dry day. See that you do not bruise or injure the 

 stalks 5 for if they are crushed or wounded, they will be subject to rot, 75. 

 Gather ail kinds of seeds as they ripen, which may be necessary for the ensu- 

 ing- season. Towards the latter end of the month, you may safely transplant 

 air kinds of hardy perennial, aromatic, and medicinal herbs, which will thus 

 become well rooted before winter. This work should, if possible, be done in 

 moist weather. Pull and preserve your ripe onions, 219, and sow more to 

 stand over winter, 218. Protect your grapes and other fruit against vvasps. 

 This may be done by hanging up phials of honied or sugared water near the 

 fruit you wish to defend from their attacks, in which many of the tiny depre- 

 dators will be caught and destroyed. Thoroughly clean from weeds all the 

 seed-beds and young plantations of trees, shrubs, &c. Gather cucumbers and 

 mangoes for pickling before they spot. Sow cauliflowers about the 2Cth, 72. 



OCTOBER. 



The young cabbage plants, produced from seeds sown last month, and in- 

 tended for early summer cabbages, should be transplanted into the beds in 

 which they are to remain during winter, 60. 



Prepare a bed for them, the width of your garden frame, in a warm, v*'el]- 

 sheltered place, where the sun has the greatest power; yet be careful never to 

 admit the direct sunshine on the plants, when in a frozen state. "When you 

 have no glasses, the plants may be protected during winter by boards or mats, 

 giving them air in mild weather. Cauliflowers sown in August or September 

 should be raised carefully, and protected, during the cold season, in gardei; 

 frames, with boards, mats, &c., or perhaps some may surv^ive if set in ope]i 

 borders, 72, or they may be set in pots, 73. Weed and thin 3-Gur late crops of 

 spinach, leaving the best plants at the distance of three, four, or five inches 

 asunder, 283. Early in the month, hoe and earth up the late-planted crops of 

 cabbages, broccoli, and borecole, cauliflowers and other plants of the brassica 

 genus. Towards the end of the month, if the stalks of asparagus turn vellow, 

 cut them close to the earth 3 clear the beds and alleys from v/eeds, and carry 

 them with the stalks off the ground. It will then not be amiss to cover the 

 beds and alleys with old litter, well trodden down, to be removed in the spring 

 Or you may apply manure now, instead of in spring, as directed page 25. Cut 

 down all decayed flower stems, and shoots of the various kinds of aromatic, 

 pot and medicinal herbs, close to the plants ; clear the beds from weeds and 

 litter, and carry the whole off the ground. Onions may now be planted out 

 to raise seed, instead of setting them in the spring, as "directed p. 219. The, 

 seeds of dill, skirret, rhubarb, sea-kale, may now be sov/nj for, if kept out of 

 ground till spring, many of them will not vegetate till a year after 3 but when 

 sown in October or November, if the seeds are fresh and perfect, they will vege- 

 tate in the April following. Begin to take up and secure potatoes, 255, beets, 

 49, carrots, parsneps, turnips, Jerusalem artichoke, &c., 50. Give a general 

 hoeing and weeding to all your crops, and carry the weeds out of the gar- 

 den. Such spaces of ground as are now vacant should be dunged, dug, or 

 trenched, and thus have the advantage of a winter fallow, and that exposure 

 to frost, which will reduce it to fine tilth, and destroy worms, the larvae of 

 insect.s, &c. The old beds of strawberries should, some ^ime in this month, bo 

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