CHAPTER V. 



SIMPLE METHODS OF DEFECATING CANE- JUICE — METHOD OF DEFECA- 

 TION WITHOUT ANIMAL CHARCOAL — METHOD OF USING ANIMAL 

 CHARCOAL — VARIETIES OF CHARCOAL FILTERS. 



I shall now proceed to describe the most simple and 

 perfect methods of defecation, and the apparatus necessary 

 for performing the operation, premising, that the success 

 of any plan for defecating cane-juice, depends upon the 

 rapidity of its action. 



Two methods present themselves as the most simple and 

 certain, the first being accomplished by the defecating agency 

 of " Tannate of lime/ ; and double nitration through calico 

 niters \ and the second, by filtration through animal char- 

 coal after defecating with lime alone. To perform the first 

 process effectually, double receivers or clarifiers are required, 

 the juice being filtered from the first into the second, and 

 again filtered before passing into the evaporating vessels. 

 As it would be most convenient to apply heat to these vessels 

 by steam coils or worms, I shall consider, in the process 

 to be described, that the canes have been ground in a mill 

 with horizontal rollers, driven by steam power, with a boiler 



