THIRTY-FOURTH FRUIT-GROWTIRS ^ CON\^ENTIOX. 



29 



day. It is a modification of the regular whip-graft which we use in 

 apples, and is made simph^ by cutting the scion across and making 

 another cut right straight down with the grain in the scion. Then, 

 instead of cutting the stock completely across like the scion, we just 

 simply make a little cut on the side. We don't cut into the pith of the 

 wood at all. Then, just simply place the two together in that form, tie 

 them over with a string, and then wax them over. That, on young trees, 

 or at least on stock of this size, has proved to be the best kind of a graft 

 that I know of. It has at least proved to be very successful the last 

 three or four years, at least in nursery grafting. This year we tried 

 this same method on larger trees, performed exactly in the same way, 

 only that the lip of course on the larger limbs, Vv^hich are three or four 

 inches through, would be considerably larger, and the scion instead of 

 being placed directly in the middle of the lip. or in the center, would 

 be placed on the side so as to have the cambium of the scion connecting 

 with the cambium on the stock at least on one side. 



I examined within the last two or three days all of the trees which 

 Ave had grafted over that way, and found that while there are not one 

 hundred per cent of the grafts growing, there are enough of the grafts 

 growing to make a top on every one of the trees. We would put in 

 from three to four, or sometimes five scions on a large limb, and in most 

 cases there are growing three or four scions on each limb at the present 

 time, with every indication that they will keep on growing and make- 

 good limbs. After tying these up, after the scion has reached a certain 

 stage of growth, this string will commence to bind. After it has 

 reached, say three or four inches growth, take a knife and cut down 

 right there where the scion is. Just cut the string in two. Of course 

 that is all waxed over, and the wax on either side will still tend to hold 

 the string, and as the wood gradually grows, the strings will gradually 

 draw apart, and it will not bind it as it would if the string was not cut. 

 Of course if you would leave the string on there, the string would 

 eventually cut the scion in two, and then the scion would die. 



In the northern part of this State, and in Oregon and Washington, 

 they are growing principally the French varieties, the Franquette or 

 the ^layette. While those varieties may do eciually as well with us 

 down here, we have varieties which will probably do a great deal better, 

 which up there would not do very well, because they get out earlier and 

 would be liable to frost. So this proposition of different varieties will 

 have to resolve itself into the adaptation of certain varieties to certain 

 localities as suits those particular climatic conditions. 



The problem of walnut blight control for the future rests quite 

 largely with the nurser^Ttien. and of course with all the other individuals 

 working in cooperation Avith the nurser^Tnen, and AA'ith the station, too. in 

 the selection of blight resistant trees, and then in the honest propaga- 

 tion from varieties which are knoAA'n to be good ; and while Ave haA- e not 

 found an absolute remedy for the blight, no spray of any kind which is 

 going to saA^e the Avalnuts from this dread Avalnut blight, I am, in a 

 measure, glad that no such thing has been found, because it aa'ouIcI be, at 

 the most, simply a temporary measure. This idea of getting resistant 

 A'arieties. Avhich is not simply an idea or a dream of the future, but a 

 reality to-day, is not going to be a thing of temporary value, but a 

 permanent benefit to the whole Avalnut industry of the State. It is 



