THIRTY-FOURTH FRUIT-GROWERS ' CONVENTION. Ill 



that the leakage per imit volume would be more than four times as 

 great for the small tree as for the large. 



Summing up these experiments against purple scale we find: 



1. That the scale is as easily destroyed on the branches as on the 

 leaves; at least where the scales are not so thickly clustered as to 

 overlap. 



2. That it is more difficult to destroy the scale on the fruit than on 

 the leaves and branches. 



3. That an exposure for 60 minutas gives decidedly better results 

 than for 30 minutes. 



4. That a dosage of 1% ounces per hundred cubic feet at 60 minutes' 

 exposure will destroy all purple scale life on the leavas and wood of 

 normal shaped orange trees, from 11 to 14 feet high and upwards. 



5. That the leakage of gas for small trees is greater than for large, 

 and they consequently require a dosage somewhat greater in proportion 

 to their contents. 



Other experiments relative to this investigation have been com- 

 pleted. The results of these experiments, however, are so closely con- 

 nected, and in part dependable on more elaborate determination, that 

 they could not be given at present with the degree of definiteness 

 desired; in fact, conclusions drawn from the paucity of material at 

 liand might lead to error, therefore we will refrain. 



During our future work we hope to bring to a state of perfection, \ 

 not only the dosage system for the purple scale, but also for the red and 

 black scales. This question of leakage of tents we hope to settle. The 

 possible difference of dosage required near to and remote from the 

 ocean will be looked into, as well as many other points too numerous to 

 mention. 



In our work, we have had at hand all the necessary apparatus. The 

 one thing that we do ask of the fruit growers is the privilege of experi- 

 menting in their orchards. Although scale insects are broadly dis- 

 tributed in Southern California, it is not always an easy matter to find 

 immediately trees in a condition best suited to our experimental desires. 



PRESIDENT JEFFREY. :\Ir. Woglum was State Entomologist of 

 Georgia, and ^Ir. [Maskew has been here so long that we call him a 

 native, and he will introduce some further facts upon fumigation. 



MR. MASKEW. The programme states that I am to conduct the 

 discussion of the paper that has just been read, and I am going to try 

 to adhere to the text of the programme. This is an entirely new 

 departure in conventions, originated by our honorable Chairman for the 

 purpose of reviewing the papers that have been read, bringing out the 

 salient points in order, making the most of them in the time allowed for 

 them, and also answering any questions that you may see fit to bring 

 up. Therefore I shall not attempt to discuss the question myself, but 

 shall call upon gentlemen who are known to be experts. 



One of the first points in the paper that you have just heard read 

 is that the speaker called attention to the fact that he had been in- 

 structed to proceed from "Washington to California. There must have 

 been a very strong reason to cause the department to send this expert 



