260 



■on the ancient coins of Surat, and on those of the Hindoo princes 

 of Lahore and their Mahomedan successors, and formed alphabets 

 of them, by which they can now be readily perused. He traced the 

 varieties of the Devanagari alphabet of Sanscrit on the temples 

 and columns of Upper India to a date anterior to the third century 

 before Christ, and was enabled to read on the rocks of Cuttock 

 and Gujarat the names of Antiochus and Ptolemy, and the record 

 of the intercourse of an Indian monarch with the neighbouring 

 princes of Persia and Egypt ; he ascertained that, at the period of 

 Alexander's conquests, India was under the sway of Boudhist sove- 

 reigns and Boudhist institutions, and that the earliest monarchs of 

 India are not associated with a Brahminical creed or dynasty. These 

 discoveries^ which throw a perfectly new and unexpected light upon 

 Indian history and chronology, and which furnish, in fact, a satisfac- 

 tory outline of the history of India, from the invasion of Alexander 

 to that of Mohammed Ghizni, a period of fifteen centuries, are only 

 second in interest and importance, and we may add likewise in 

 difficulty, to those of Champollion with respect to the succession of 

 dynasties in ancient Egypt. 



These severe and incessant labours, in the enervating climate of 

 India, though borne for many years with little apparent inconveni- 

 ence or effect, finally undermined his constitution ; and he was at 

 last compelled to relinquish all his occupations, and to seek for the 

 restoration of his health in rest and a change of scene. He ar- 

 rived in England on the 9th of January last ; but the powers both 

 of his body and his mind seemed to have been altogether worn out 

 and exhausted ; and after lingering for a few months, he died on the 

 22nd of April last, in the forty-first year of his age. The cause of 

 literature and archaeology in the East could not have sustained a 

 severer loss. 



Sir Anthony Carlisle was born at Stillington, in the county 

 of Durham, in the year 1768. After commencing his professional 

 education at York, under the care of his uncle, he became a student 

 at the Hunterian School of Anatomy, in Windmill Street, under 

 Dr. Baillie and Mr. Cruikshank, where he attracted the particular 

 notice of John Hunter. He subsequently became a resident pupil 

 of Mr. Henry Watson, one of the most eminent surgeons in the me- 

 tropolis, whom he succeeded at the Westminster Hospital in 1793. 

 In 1800 he communicated to our Transactions a paper " On a Pecu- 

 liarity in the Distribution of the Arteries sent to the Limbs of Slow- 

 moving Animals." This was followed by many others on various 

 points of comparative and human anatomy, including his papers 

 " On Muscular Motion," and " On the Arrangement and Mecha- 

 nical Action of the Muscles of Fish," which formed the Croonian Lec- 

 tures for 1 804 and 1 806. He was the author likewise of many com- 

 munications in the Transactions of the Linnean and Horticultural 

 Societies and in other contemporary journals, on different branches 

 of natural history and physical science. 



" An Essay on the Connexion between Anatomy and the Fine 



