SHRUBBY AND SUB-SHRUBBY FLOWERS. 141 



pages with a long list of varieties which are, or ought to 

 be, obsolete. Autumnal roses must very shortly entirely 

 supersede all the summer roses, with the exception of a 

 few select varieties of the Moss Rose;" and, let me add, 

 the Yellows, the "Whites, and the Scotch. 



Damask Hoses — JR. Damascene — are of rough, twiggy, 

 thorny habit, with light green, somewhat downy leaves, 

 and hardy constitution. A good example is the true 

 York and Lancaster, a double, flattish, striped, rose, which 

 occasionally produces blooms wholly white on one half 

 of their area, and wholly red on' the other, thus symboliz- 

 ing the union ot the Houses after the bloody wars of the 

 "White and Eed Roses. They are fragrant flowers, but 

 the bushes on their own roots are of irregular, scrubby, 

 and inelegant growth. Budded as standards, they may 

 be treated in the same way as the French Roses. Show 

 Damasks which deserve mention, are Madame Hardy, 

 pure white, but with a green eye too conspicuous ; JSemi- 

 ramis, fawn in the centre, shaded with glossy pink ; La 

 Fe'roce, or Ferox, very large, full, pink flowers, with an 

 extra allowance of thorns on the branches ; La Constance, 

 or Pceony-flowered, very large, flattish, full, pink, darker 

 in the centre, makes a showy standard; La Ville de 

 Brnxelles, pink, very large and double ; La Che'rie, 

 delicate blush, cupped, very double ; Madame Zoutman, 

 delicate cream-colour ; and Pulcherie, pure white. Do 

 not prune these in too closely ; let them run on, to form 

 large heads, unless they are getting shabby and naked 

 near the original bud. 



Scotch Roses — S. spinosissima — have small leaflets, 

 small twiggy branches thickly set with small spines, pro- 

 ducing undersized, globular, double, aud semi-double 

 flowers, sweetly scented, and blooming before summer 

 roses in general. They have a great tendency to throw 

 up suckers, which blossom profusely the following sum- 

 mer ; hence, some growers cut out the old wood annually, 

 almost as strictly and completely as they would do with 

 raspberry-canes. All the Scotch roses resemble each 

 ether very much in their habit of growth ; they are less 



