252 



years, laboriously employed in his scientific duties, he commenced 

 in January 1846, the Magnetic Survey of the Eastern Archipelago. 

 His observations were taken at sixteen different stations : — four in 

 the islands adjacent to Singapore; one in Borneo; one in Java; 

 two in Sumatra ; one in the island of Mindanao ; one in Celebes ; 

 one at the Cocos or Keeling Islands ; one at Penang, and one in its 

 immediate vicinity ; one at Nicobar in the Bay of Bengal ; one at 

 Moulmein, and one at Madras. His zeal and energy will be appre- 

 ciated, when we reflect that these fixed stations were spread over 

 the immense area of 28° of latitude and 45° of longitude, and were 

 carried on, under great privations, at great personal risk, and some- 

 times in places where no European had ever set foot before. In 

 Borneo his fixed station was at Sarawak, near the house of his 

 friend Rajah Brooke. Having completed his Survey at Madras in 

 October 1849, he applied for furlough, and arrived in England at 

 Christmas 1849, for the sole purpose of publishing his Observations 

 — a work of great labour, which occupied him incessantly for nearly 

 two years ; they were printed in the Philosophical Transactions for 

 1851. Last December he returned to India in the hope of being 

 able to carry through the magnificent undertaking of the Magnetic 

 Survey of the whole Peninsula. In P\lay last he left Madras, 

 intending to go round by the coast through Masulipatam to Hy- 

 drabad. On his journey he was tempted to visit some extensive 

 works carried on by the Government at Rajamundy, near the Goda- 

 very river, where he was seized with fever, and expired at Masuli- 

 patam, after a few days' illness, on the 4th of August last, at the 

 early age of thirty-seven. 



He was universally admired for the manliness of his character and 

 beloved for his amiable social qualities. 



He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in June 1850 : the 

 entire disinterestedness, self-sacrificing exposure in climates and 

 seasons most unfriendly to life, and the well-directed ardour and 

 remarkable ability (giving yet higher promise for the future had his 

 life been prolonged) which marked his short but highly active scien- 

 tific career, claim for his memory an honourable place in our records, 

 and combined with the frankness, loyalty and sweetness of his cha- 

 racter and temper, have endeared it in a peculiar manner to those 

 amongst us who had most opportunity of appreciating him. 



Gideon Algernon Mantell, LL.D., F.G.S. and F.L.S., was 

 born at Lewes in 1 790. His father was a shoemaker in the enjoy- 

 ment, according to the statement of Mr. Thom^as Mantell of Lewes, 

 a brother of the subject of this memoir, of a large business, having 

 as many as twenty- three men in his employ at one time. Dr. Man- 

 tell received his first instruction at a dame-school at Lewes, from 

 which he was transferred to Mr. Button's establishment, also at 

 Lewes, and subsequently Vv'as sent to a school in Wiltshire^ con- 

 ducted by a clergyman. 



His father then articled him to Mr. James Moore, a surgeon and 

 apothecary, paying a premium of two hundred guineas. Young 



