Grafting Methods Tliat Wiii 

 Work Miracles 



General Principles 



THE single principle that underlies all successful graft- 

 ing, is that the layer of tissue called the cambium 

 layer^ lying just beneath the bark of the twig^ shall be 

 brought in intimate contact with the corresponding layer of 

 tissue of the stock on which it is grafted. The life-giving 

 sap flows through this thin layer of tissue only. As to the 

 central woody tissues — the so-called heart of the twig — 

 there will be no union between stock and cion in any case. 



But this is of no consequence since the new growth of 

 wood soon covers the trivial wound with which the cambium 

 layer will make ready union under favorable circumstances; 

 and the growth will continue outward^ year by year^ until 

 ultimately the cion and stock are so firmly joined that they 

 constitute a branch as strong as the ungrafted branches of 

 the tree. But unless the living tissues of the cambium 

 layer are accurately joined^ no union can take place^ and 

 the graft will be a failure. If this essential principle is 

 borne in mind^ the process of grafting becomes a compara- 

 tively simple one^ and one that may be carried out success- 

 fully by amateurs with very little preliminary practice. 



A few specific hints as to the details of the method may, 

 however^ be of service. So I shall give a brief account of 

 the methods employed in my orchards^ where the process 

 of grafting is carried out thousands of times each year. 



Grafting may be divided under three headings: (1) 

 Grafting proper^ in which a cion or small shoot is inserted 

 into or upon the stock; (2) Inarching/ in which the cion is 

 left attached to its parent stock until union with the new 

 stock is completed; (3) Buddings which consists of the in- 

 sertion of a single bud upon the cambium layer of the stock. 

 There is no fundamental difference between the three proc- 

 esses; they are merely different methods of accomplishing 

 the same purpose. 



Grafting may be more or less successfully carried on at 

 any time of the year. But durino; the spring and early 

 summer months the vital cambium zone is usually at the 



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