50 



NORTHERN SUGAR INDUSTRY. 



This small increase sliows, however, that most of the lime added in de- 

 fecation was removed in the sediments formed and by filtration through 

 bags, since the concentration which takes place in defecation is almost 

 sufficient to account for the increase. 



The results of single and double polarization agree more closely than 

 in Table I, being 8.91 per cent, and 8.62 per cent. resi3ectively. 



The i^rocess of defecation therefore has removed a great deal of the 

 substances (starch, gum, invert sugar) which disturb polarization. 



The increase in the percentage of sucrose is » ue to the conceutration 

 already alluded to. 



The increase in uncrystallizable sugar (from 4.09 to 4.32) is greater 

 than can be reasonably accounted for by concentration. 



The coefficient of purity was raised by defecation from 59.2 to 60.4. 



This increase was not as great as was expected, nor so much as was 

 secured b}' carbouatation as described further on. 



CONCLUSIONS FROM TABLE IIL 



In as much as the juices were reduced to semi-sirup in an open pan 

 it will be of interest to study the effect of this proceeding on the inver- 

 sion of the sucrose. 



The ratio of anoptose, &c., in Table II to sucrose by double polariza- 

 tion is 



4.32 : 8.62 = 1 : 1.995. 



In the semi-sirups it is 



16.28 : 30.08 = 1 : 1.848. 



It is thus seen that a considerable loss of sucrose has occurred by 

 inversion. This confirms the results of double polarization which show 

 that there is much more invert sugar in the semi-sirup than in the 

 juices. 



These results give additional emphasis to the fact that sugar juices, 

 immediately after defecation, should be concentrated in a vacuum. 



AMBER CANE GROWN IN INDIANA. 



In order to determine the influence of soil and climate on the sugar 

 product of cane, the Lafayette Sugar Company, Wea, Ind., engaged to 

 plant and cultivate five acres of early Amber cane for the Department 

 of Agriculture, to work the same to a semi-sirup weighing 25° B. hot ; 

 to put the same in barrels and send to Washington. 



The soil in whicli the cane was grown was a light sandy loam, with 

 gravel, then claj' subsoil, and quite hilly. 



On the top of the hills the soil was full of gravel and quite unpro- 

 ductive. The field had been in cultivation fifteen years, mostly in corn, 

 and had never had any fertilizer of any kind. The average yield of corn 

 on the patch put in cane had been about 20 bushels per acre. The ground 



