NORTHERN SUGAR INDUSTRY. 



processes wherein the liquor is kept ueutral. This acidity I remove, either wholly or 

 in great measure, by the boiling of the liquor in the evaporators and vacuum-pans. 

 I claim as my invention — 



1. The defecating compound or mixture for saccharine liquors herein particularly 

 set forth, consisting of cream of lime and sulphurous acid mingled and combined till 

 the said cream of lime is completely saturated with sulphurous acid, substantially as 

 described. 



2. The process herein set forth of defecating saccharine liquors, consisting in adding 

 to the juice the sulphureted cream of lime compound herein set forth prior to heating 

 the same in defecating vessels, substantially as described. 



3. The process of defecating saccharine liquors, consisting in first adding to the 

 juice the sulphureted cream of lime compound herein set forth, and, second, a dilute 

 aqueous solution of acid, substantially as described. 



4. The process of defecating and clarifying saccharine liquors as herein set forth of, 

 first, adding to the juice the sulphureted cream of lime compound herein set forth^ 

 and afterwards a dilute aqueous solution of acid, and then filtering the juice while 

 cold, substautiaily as described. 



5. The process of defecating and clarifying saccharine liquors, as herein set forth, 

 consisting in, first, adding the sulphureted cream of lime compound herein set forth 

 to the juice, and second, a dilute aqueous solution of acid, and then heating said juice 

 in defecating vessels, and finally filtering the same, substantially as described. 



6. The method of delaying fermentation in saccharine liquors, consisting in adding 

 to said liquors, first, the sulphureted cream of lime compound herein set forth, and, 

 second, a dilute aqueous solution of acid, substantially as described. 



7. The process herein set forth of removing the sulphurous taste or odor of sirups 

 defecated by a sulphur process, consisting in injecting live steam in said sirups, sub- 

 stantially as described. 



8. The process of defecating and clarifying saccharine liquors, consisting in add- 

 ing to said liquor an acid solution or solutions, whereby said liquor is rendered acid, 

 and finally reiuovirg said acidity, either wholly or in great i)art by boiling the liquor, 

 substantially as described. 



THE Pia PENS. 



A point of interest in the Rio Grande factory is the pig pens. The 

 seed of sorghum has generally been neglected, and therefore the suc- 

 cessful attempt of the Rio Grande Company to utilize it at home de- 

 mands most serious attention. There is no part of this company's pos- 

 sessions which excited in me a more lively interest than this plan of 

 utilizing the seed and bagasse and thus returning in a great measure 

 to the land the substances abstracted by the crop. 



I found in these pens in October three hundred hogs of different ages, 

 some full grown and fat for the market, others newly bof n. 



These swine had never had any other food than the product of the 

 cane and no other bedding beside the bagasse. They were fat and 

 healthy, and the swineherd assured me that he had never lost animals 

 from any of the contagious diseases so fatal to swine. 



From the experience which the company has already had they think 

 that each acre of cane will furnish enough seed to fit one hog for market. 



The bagasse from the mill, which is brought out by the cars, which 

 would otlierwise return empty, is thrown into the pens. By spring it is 

 converted into an excellent manure which will almost be enough for one 

 acre of ground for each animal. 



