"Jhen to seed : Seeding should be done during the first fall following 

 the fire, before the soil becomes crusted, before the ashes are washed 

 away, and before other plants get a head start on the seeded grasses. 

 This does not mean that worthwhile results cannot be obtained by seed- 

 ing at a later date, but that conditions ordinarily become less favor- 

 able with each passing month. 



s::id trails, etc. , o:: logged ^rs^ s. 



Erosion on areas disturbed during logging operations can be greatly 

 reduced by proper seeding to grass. The effect on timber reproduction 

 has not been fully determined, but seeding skid trails on the Sleeping 

 Child unit of the Bitterroot National Forest in 1940 did not entirely 

 prevent yellow pine from coming back there. In fact, some of the best 

 pine reproduction has developed concurrently with and in the midst of 

 very good stands of reseeded grasses. Several seedings made on the Sula 

 and Darby districts of the Bitterroot forest, starting in 1943, have 

 produced excellent grass stands which have done much to reduce erosion, 

 and have furnished a large amount of urgently needed forage. 



Experience in reseeding skid trails in this region has been mainly in 

 the ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir types. 



How to seel : Broadcast seeding either with a cyclone seeder or by 

 hand seems to be the only practical method. Hand seeding has some 

 advantages over the cyclone seeder in that width of swath can be varied 

 much more easily by hand. Experience has shown that there is little use 

 in broadcasting seed except whore the mineral soil is exposed and native 

 vegetation, such as pinegrass, is disturbed rather severely. 



If seeding is done while the surface soil is still loose, special treat- 

 ment to provide covering apparently is not needed. But when the soil 

 has settled and crusted badly, some soil disturbance to promote covering 

 of the seed is beneficial. 



V.T-3t to seed : A wide variety of site and soil conditions arc likely 

 to be disturbed in logging operations, but good success can be expected 

 on many of them if the proper species are used on each site. 



Species 



Crested wheatgrass ' : 

 ; Sheep fescue 

 j Timothy 

 Orchardgrass 

 Smooth brome 

 Tall meadow oatgrass) 



or mountain brome i 



I 



Total: 



Dry ridges 

 and slopes 



Fair soil 

 & moisture 



lbs. per acre 



6 

 2 



lb; 



per acre 



2 

 1 

 1 

 1 

 2 

 1 



: Moist north 

 i slopes, creek 

 j b ottoms , etc. 



lbs. per acre 



1 



2 

 3 

 2 



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