HOCKINGS' GARDEN MANUAL. 



95 



training to espaliers, more space must be allowed, ac- 

 cording to their height. If planted eight feet by ten, 

 about 430 plants would be required for an acre. 



Manure : Lime, ashes, and bone dust are good special 

 manures for the vine, and the plantation should have a 

 top-dressing of salt every spring (before the plants bud 

 out), at the rate of about two cwt. per acre. 



If there is any appearance of disease in the fruit, a 

 dressing of flour of sulphur, applied with a common 

 dredging box, in the morning while the dew is on, will 

 often be found efficacious. 



Oidium : The foregoing directions, founded upon the 

 practice of the most successful and enlightened 

 vignerons of France, were given in the first edition of 

 the Manual in 1856, before the oiclium had made its 

 appearance here. Since that time, much, very much 

 has been written upon the subject, but apparently 

 without adding anything to the above, as sulphur is 

 still the most approved dressing for the oidium. Ano- 

 ther favorite application is composed of 40 lbs. of fine 

 ashes of wood (which have not been exposed to rain), 

 20 lbs. of flowers of sulphur, and 10 lbs. of lime, 

 thoroughly mixed, and either dusted over the vines as 

 previously recommended, or blown over them through 

 the sulphuring bellows. 



Chloride of lime, soft soap, and sulphur, prepared as 

 directed for the diseases of the orange, and similarly 

 applied, in the spring, before the fruit has stoned, will 

 also be found effective. 



Training, pruning, &c. : All the various systems of 

 training have for their object the production every 

 season of the largest quantity of first-class fruit, on the 

 smallest space, consistent with the continued vigor of 

 the plant. The vine has a tendency to make new 

 growths from the end of the previous year's shoots ; 

 and, if allowed to extend itself unchecked, would only 

 bear at the extremities, leaving the largest part of the 

 vine without foliage or fruit. The skill of the culti- 



