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rally bear on the two-years-old wood. Sometimes 

 the frost will destroy all the exposed blossom, and in 

 such cases a tolerable crop will not unfrequently be 

 preserved in the interior of the tree ; which, although 

 not quite equal to the fruit from the extremities of the 

 branches, is yet of great service, especially in bad 

 apple years. 



We would also urge that by far the best mode of 

 checking over-luxuriant trees, is to cut away a portion 

 of the extremities of the roots ; if the tree is young, 

 it may be taken up and replanted as directed by Mr. 

 Knight. 



As to hand-pruning in the young wood, it should 

 ever be borne in mind, that such is of no benefit to 

 the tree, but must rather be regarded in the light of 

 necessity, and for the most part only applicable to the 

 dwarf standards or espaliers of the kitchen garden. 

 Thinning, therefore, is judicious, and timely thinning 

 is the only operation of prime importance as to orchard 

 trees. 



DWARF STANDARDS. 



Dwarf standards are the best suited for cultivation 

 in the kitchen-garden, as they do not overshadow 

 such large surfaces of ground as is done by the full 

 standards. The following rules for pruning them 



