TRUE MAINTENANCE AND LIVE-WEIGHT MAINTENANCE. 



63 



amount of walking exercise daily. The following are the results of 

 the several periods : 



Metabolizable energy in rations of horses — Grandcau and Le Clerc. 



Total 

 digestible 

 nutri- 

 ents. 1 



Equiva- 

 lent me- 

 taboliza- 

 ble en- 

 ergy. 



Average 

 daily 



gain or 

 loss of 



weight. 



Average 



live 

 weight. 



Horse 30845 (No. 1): 

 January, 1884... 



April, 1884 



August, 1884 



September, 1884. 

 October, 1884.... 



Grams. 

 2,895.3 

 2,351.9 

 2,795.5 

 2,927.8 

 2,897.1 



Therms. 

 11. 467 

 9.315 

 11.071 

 11. 595 

 11.473 



Kilos. 

 -0. 19 

 +0. 47 

 +0. 03 



2 -0. 03 

 2 0. 00 



Kilos. 

 394.9 

 379.2 

 365.0 

 366.3 

 366.0 



Average. 



m. 5 



10. 9S3 



+0. 06 



374.3 



Horse 29475 (No. 2): 

 November, 1883. 



Horse 29466 (No. 2): 



May, 1884 



June, 18S4 



July, 1884 



3,041.4 



12.045 



+0.59 



423.6 



2,470.2 

 2,909.5 

 2,692.8 



9.7S4 

 11. 523 

 10. 663 



+0.42 

 +0.13 

 +0.18 



404.0 

 407.1 

 410.6 



Average. 



2,690.8 



10. 656 



+0. 24 



407.2 



Horse 29407 (No. 3): 

 December, 18S3. 



Horse 26925 (No. 3): 



March, 1884 



June, 1S84 



Julv, 1SS4 



August, 1884... 



3,062.1 



12. 128 



2,726.S 

 2, 644. 5 

 2,719.4 

 2,S37.9 



10. 799 

 10. 473 

 10. 770 

 11. 238 



+0. 82 

 +0.27 

 0.00 

 -0.01 



413.! 



419.0 

 3S4.3 

 387.7 

 388.4 



Average. 



2,732.2 



10. S20 



+0.: 



394. 



1 Including fat X2.4. 



2 Omitting last day of each month. 



On the average of all the periods, the results per day and head, 

 were as follows : 



Total digestible nutrients ( fat X 2.4) grains— 2,783.7 



Equivalent metabolizable energy, at 3.96 calories per 



grain tnerins__ 11. 03 



Daily gain in weight kilograms__ 0. 19 



Average live weight do 393. 6 



The foregoing ration, which was apparently somewhat more than 

 a maintenance ration, is equivalent to 12.12 therms of metabolizable 

 energy per 1,000 pounds live weight. This is materially less than 

 was obtained in "Wolff's experiments and about the same as that found 

 by Zuntz and Hagemann for rations containing much grain. 



TRUE MAINTENANCE AND LIVE - WEIGHT MAINTENANCE. 



The maintenance of an animal in the strict scientific sense signifies 

 the preservation of the store of matter and of potential energy con- 

 tained in the body, and only a ration which effects this is really a 

 maintenance ration. As has appeared in the foregoing pages, how- 

 ever, much of our recorded information regarding the maintenance 



