54 



THE ART OF 



can be repaired by means of these branches (Y) being inarched 

 npon the stem above the diseased part. The flow of the sap, 

 which has been interrupted by this, will thus be re-esta- 

 blished. Should the diseased tree have no branches at the 

 base, a stout stock is planted near it. After a year's good 

 growth, the head of the stock (Z) is cut off and inarched into 

 the stem of the other above the canker. Should a single tree 

 not be sufficient for this restoration, a number are planted 

 round and grafted into the old one in the same way, and when 



Restoration of a Main Branch by Approach- Graf ting. 



the graft is thoroughly established, the cankered base may be 

 cut away. 



3. Restoration of Main Branches. — In the training of frait- 

 trees to any particular form there will sometimes be gaps 

 or vacancies where certain parts have not been able to 

 develop themselves, or have disappeared. If a branch cannot 

 be obtained by close pruning, incision, branch or bud-grafting, 

 the neighbouring branches are made use of and trained in 

 such a manner that the symmetry of the design may not 



