GEAFTIXG- AXD BUDDING. 71 



the same time the branches above the graft are pruned short. 

 A thin stake is indispensable for fastening np the youno- 

 graft. When the grafting is made with a shooting bud, at 

 the flow of the sap, the scion should be covered with grafting- 

 clay, to preserve it from the sun and the scorching winds. 

 If, notwithstanding its speedy vegetation, it exhibits a 

 tendency to remain puny, its growth may be accelerated by 

 making small longitudinal incisions (A, A, A). By cutting the 

 bark, the sap is induced to flow more freely under the dilated 

 surface, and causes the branch to increase in thickness. 



Incisions in a branch to increase its thickness. 



Side-Chrtfting in the Alburnum. — General Directions. 

 This method is more specially adapted for evergreens; 

 therefore it is more frequently adopted for grafting under 

 glass, the season for which is in February and in August. 

 If the same kinds are to be grafted in the open air, that should 

 be done in April and in August. For evergreen scions, a 

 branch of medium size, and furnished with a terminal bud, is 

 to be preferred. It is to be cut from the tree at the moment 

 of using it: none of the leaves are to be removed, except 



